Governance report

a) Share capital structure (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 1, letter a) of the TUF)
The share capital is Euro.1,489,538,745, fully subscribed and paid-up, and consists of 1,489,538,745 ordinary shares with a par value of Eur1 each

Share Capital Structure

b) Restrictions on the transfer of securities (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 1, letter b) of the TUF)
Article 7 of Hera's Articles of Association to stipulate that the majority of voting rights in the company be held by Municipalities, Provinces and Consortiums established in accordance with Article 31 of Legislative Decree no. 267/2000, or by other Public Authorities, or consortiums or joint-stock companies including Municipalities, Provinces or Consortiums established in accordance with Article 31 of Legislative Decree no. 267/2000, or other Public Authorities hold, even indirectly, the majority of the share capital. Article 8.1 of the Articles of Association prohibits the holding of more than 5% of the company's share capital by any shareholder other than those indicated above.

c) Significant equity interests (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 1, letter c) of the TUF)
The parties that directly or indirectly hold more than 3% of the share capital of the Company represented by shares with voting rights, are as follows, based on communications made pursuant to article 120 of the TUF, as well as any other data in the possession of the Company.

d) Shares that confer special rights (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 1, letter f) of the TUF)
The shareholder's meeting of 28 April 2015 authorized, pursuant to the limits established by Article 6 the institute's Articles of Association, an increased vote, whereby individuals who are registered for a continuous period of at least 24 months in the special list established beginning in 1 June 2015, will be entitled, for every share they hold, to two votes in shareholders deliberations regarding: i) the amendment of Articles 6.4 and/or 8 of the Articles of Association, ii) the appointment and / or revocation of the Board or its members, iii) the appointment and / or revocation of the Board of Statutory Auditors or its members.
On 13 May 2015, Hera's Board of Directors in order to define the criteria and procedures for keeping the special list, approved the special list regulations for eligibility for increased voting rights, in implementation of the provisions of applicable law and Hera's Articles of Association.

e) Restrictions on voting rights (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 1, letter f) of the TUF)
Article 8.6 of the Articles of Association stipulates that the voting rights of parties other than public authorities who hold more than 5% of the share capital will be limited to an overall maximum of 5%.

f) Shareholder agreements (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 1, letter g) of the TUF)
In accordance with Article 122 of the TUF, the following Voting Trust and Share Transfer Rules Agreements are in existence:

• First-level Shareholders' Agreement, between 111 public shareholders, concerning the procedures for exercising voting rights and the transfer of the shareholdings held in Hera by members, signed on 28 April 2021, with a duration of three years, from 1 July 2021 to 30 June 2024, in continuation of the previous agreements, in particular the one entered into on 26 June 2018 effective from 1 July 2018 until 30 June 2021, of which the existing structures and balances expressed in that agreement are maintained unchanged;
• Second-level shareholders' agreement between 34 public shareholders of Hera, belonging to the Bologna area, concerning the regulation of the exercise of voting rights, the transfer of shareholdings held in Hera by the adherents, as well as the designation of members of the Board of Directors, entered into on 10 February 2022 and with a duration until 30 June 2024, in continuation of the previous agreements, in particular the one entered into on 26 June 2018 with effect from 1 July 2018 until 30 June 2021, of which the existing structures and balances expressed in that agreement are maintained unchanged;
• Second-level shareholders' agreement between 41 public shareholders of Hera, belonging to the Romagna region, concerning the regulation of the methods of consultation and joint assumption of certain decisions of the parties relating to their shareholding in Hera, as well as the methods of circulating the shares bound by this agreement, entered into on 27 May 2021, with a three-year duration, from 1 July 2021 to 30 June 2024;
• Second-level shareholders' agreement between 20 public shareholders of Hera, belonging to the Modena area, concerning the regulation of the exercise of voting rights, the transfer of shareholdings held in Hera by the adherents, as well as the designation of members of the Board of Directors, entered into on 21 June 2021 and with a duration of three years, from 1 July 2021 to 30 June 2024, as a continuation of the previous agreements, in particular the one entered into on 26 June 2018 effective from 1 July 2018 until 30 June 2021, of which the existing structures and balances expressed in that agreement are maintained unchanged;
• Sub-agreement between the municipalities of Padua and Trieste, having as its object the constitution of a consultation and voting syndicate functional for the realization of some provisions regarding the corporate governance of Hera in implementation of the provisions of the first level Shareholders' Agreement, stipulated on 12 July 2021 and with a duration of three years starting from the signing date, in continuation of the previous agreements, in particular that entered into on 26 June 2018, of which the existing structures and balances expressed therein are maintained unchanged.

The main identifying elements of the aforementioned Agreements can be found in the “Governance Section/ Shareholders’ Agreements Disclosures” section of the company’s website at www.gruppohera.it and in the Corporate Governance report 2022 (pages 8-16).

g) Mandates to increase share capital and authorisations to purchase treasury shares (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 1, letter m) of the TUF)
The shareholder's meeting of 28 April 2022 authorised, pursuant to the limits established by Article 2357 of the Italian Civil Code, to purchase, within 18 months of the date of the resolution, on one or more occasions, up to a revolving maximum of 60 million ordinary Hera shares with a par value of 1 euro each, equal to approximately 4.03% of the ordinary shares making up the share capital, in accordance with the following conditions:

• purchase price not lower than the par value and not more than 10% higher than the reference price recorded on the stock-market trading day preceding each individual purchase;
• the purchases and all the deeds concerning the treasury shares may occur at a price that does not involve negative economic consequences for the company, and must occur in compliance with the laws, regulations and provisions established by the supervisory body and/or Borsa Italiana Spa, involving a maximum increase in investment of 240 million euro.
• use of treasury shares acquired as part of transactions, including those carried out by Group companies, in relation to which there is undertaken a consolidation of the shareholdings and/or there is an economic and/or financial advantage for Hera, including for the purpose of improving the operations and competitive positioning of the Hera Group, and investment opportunities or other transactions emerge that involve the allocation or distribution of treasury shares.

It should be noted that the buy-back authorisation only concerns the purchase of ordinary shares, thus excluding the possibility of purchasing derivative financial instruments, and that the number of treasury shares in portfolio at the end of the 2022 financial year was 38,711,380.

Hera, with a resolution by the Board of Directors on 11 November 2020, adopted the provisions of the Corporate Governance Code (hereinafter referred to as the Code), which contains a detailed series of recommendations concerning principles and rules for the management and control of listed companies, in order to increase the clarity and concreteness of persons and roles, particularly with regard to the independent directors and the internal committees of the Board of Directors.
Although adoption of the recommendations contained in the Code is voluntary, the Company, in continuity with its previous adherence to the Self-Regulatory Code, has decided to adhere to the Code's recommendations in order to reassure investors that it has a clear and well-defined organisational model, with adequate allocation of responsibilities and powers and a proper balance between management and control; this model is an effective tool at the disposal of the administrative body for the pursuit of sustainable success.
The full text of the Code currently in force is available to the public on the Committee for Corporate Governance website, at: https://www.borsaitaliana.it/comitato-corporate-governance/codice/2020.pdf

Hera has an ordinary/traditional system of governance. The following sections describe the role, composition and functioning of the Board of Directors.

Role of the Board of Directors

The Board of Directors is the central administrative body of the Company. In accordance with the recommendations of the Code, the Board of Directors is responsible for guiding the Company by pursuing its sustainable success (Principle I) and defining its strategies (Principle II), including for the Group in question, in a manner consistent with the pursuit of sustainable success, and for monitoring the implementation of these strategies.

The administrative body also defines the corporate governance system that is most effective for carrying out the company's business and pursuing its strategies (Principle III) and promotes, in the most appropriate manner, dialogue with the shareholders and other relevant stakeholders of the Company (Principle IV).

The Articles of Association require the Board to meet at least quarterly and whenever the Chairman deems it necessary, or when requested by at least 1/3 of its members or by the Board of Statutory Auditors. Furthermore, the Board of Directors shall be vested with the widest powers for the ordinary and extraordinary management of the Company without any limitations, with the power to carry out all the acts deemed necessary or appropriate to achieve the Company's aims, with the sole exception of those which, strictly speaking, are assigned to the competence of the Shareholders' Meeting by law or by the Articles of Association.

In particular, in accordance with the provisions of the Articles of Association, and in addition to the definition of the structure of the Group, deliberations on the following matters fall to the exclusive competence of the Board:

In particular, the Board is tasked with:

1. appointment and/or removal of the Chairman and Vice Chairman;
2. appointment and/or removal of the CEO and/or the General Manager;
3. formation and composition of the Executive Committee, appointment and/or removal of the members of the Executive Committee;
4. determination of the powers delegated to the Chairman, the CEO and/or the General Manager and/or the Executive Committee, and modification of those powers;
5. approval and modification of any long-term plans or business plans;
6. approval and modification of Group regulations, if adopted;
7. recruitment and/or appointment, on the proposal of the Group CEO, of the managers responsible for each departmental area;
8. proposal to place on the agenda of the Shareholders' Meeting the modification of Article 6.4 (shares and shares with increased voting rights) Article 7 (Public majority shareholding), Article 8 (Limits on shareholdings), Article 14 (Validity of Shareholders' Meetings and rights of veto) and Article 17 (Appointment of the Board of Directors) of the Articles of Association;
9.  the acquisition and disposal of equity investments with a value exceeding 500,000 euro;
10.  purchase and/or sale of properties with a value exceeding 500,000 euro;
11. provision of sureties, liens and/or other real guarantees with a value exceeding 500 thousand euro;
12. purchase and/or sale of companies and/or business units;
13. appointment of directors of subsidiaries and/or affiliates;
14.  participation in calls for tender and/or public procedures involving the assumption of contractual obligations exceeding 25 million euro.

In particular, the Board is tasked with:

• examining and approving the industrial plan of the Issuer and its Group, based also on an analysis of the issues that are relevant for generating value in the long term (Recommendation 1, a);
• periodic monitoring of the implementation of the business plan, as well as assessment of general operating performance by periodically comparing achieved results with planned results (Recommendation 1, b);
• defining the nature and level of risk compatible with the Issuer's strategic objectives, including in its assessments all the elements that may be relevant for the Issuer's sustainable success (Recommendation 1, c) (for further details, see “Section 9”);
• defining the Issuer's corporate governance system and the structure of the group to which it belongs (Recommendation 1, d, first part);
• assessing the suitability of the Issuer's organisational, administrative and accounting structure and that of its subsidiaries with strategic importance, in particular with regard to the internal audit and risk management system (Recommendation 1, d, second part) (for further details, see “Section 9”); 
• deciding on the transactions of the Issuer and its subsidiaries that have significant strategic, economic, capital or financial importance for the Issuer, and establishing the general criteria for identifying significant transactions (Recommendation 1, e);
• adopting, upon request of the Chairman and in agreement with the Managing Director, a procedure for the internal handling of documents and information concerning the Issuer and their disclosure to third parties, in particular with regard to privileged information (Recommendation 1, f) (for further details, see “Section 5”).

Specifically, the Board of Directors:

• following the adoption of the “Policy for Managing Dialogue with the General Shareholders and Bondholders” (which took place in the 2021 fiscal year), in the 2022 fiscal year, the Chairman, as the director in charge, reported semi-annually on the development and relevant contents of the dialogue that had taken place with the shareholders and bondholders, as well as on the most significant requests received from other stakeholders (see “Section 12” for further details);
• on 8 February 2023, approved the business plan;
• approved the transactions concerning Hera and Group companies carried out in implementation of the strategies outlined in the business plan.

With regard to the Board's further powers concerning its composition, functioning, appointment, self-assessment, the remuneration policy, and internal control system and risk management, please refer to the following sections of this report.

Appointment and replacement (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 1, letter l) of the TUF)

List voting

The appointment of the Board of Directors is subject to the list voting mechanism, in order to guarantee that the Board of Directors includes Directors designated by minority shareholders, in compliance with current legislation on gender balance.
Specifically, Articles 16 and 17 of the Articles of Association govern the terms and conditions for filing and publishing lists, as well as the related documentation, in compliance with current regulations. In this regard, it should be noted that the Shareholders' Meeting of 28 April 2022 approved an amendment to the bylaws to bring the number of independent directors in line with the guidelines introduced by the Code.

Taking this development into account, the current Articles of Association specify that the lists presented by shareholders must include at least two candidates satisfying the independence requirements established for the statutory auditors by Article 148, paragraph 3 of Legislative Decree 58/1998 and by the Corporate Governance Code drawn up by the Corporate Governance Committee of Borsa Italiana S.p.A., together with the candidates' CVs, a declaration of the individual candidates stating that they accept the office and certifying the non-existence of any ineligibility and/or incompatibility provided by law and any applicable declaration of satisfaction of the independence requirements established for statutory auditors by Article 148, paragraph 3 of the TUF and those established by the Civil Code. In this regard, it is noted that the Board of Directors currently in office is made up of 13 independent directors out of 15 members.

The lists must be filed, pursuant to article 17.5 of the Articles of Association, at the registered office at least 25 days before the Shareholders' Meeting, and made available to the public at the registered office and on the website www.gruppohera.it at least 21 days before the meeting.
The terms and conditions for the filing of lists are indicated by the Company in the Shareholders' Meeting notice of call. Each shareholder may submit or participate in the submission and voting of only one list. Subscriptions and votes cast in violation of this prohibition shall not be attributed to any list.

Eligibility to submit lists and their composition

The Articles of Association do not allow the outgoing Board of Directors to present a list.
Lists for the appointment of members of the Board of Directors may be submitted by shareholders representing at least 1% of the share capital with voting rights at the Ordinary Shareholders' Meeting, unless otherwise provided for by current legislation, to be indicated in the notice of call.

In this regard, it should be noted that, on the occasion of the last renewal of the administrative body which took place at the Shareholders' Meeting of 29 April 2020, the shareholding required for presenting lists of candidates for the election of the sitting administrative body was identified by Consob (through Resolution 28 of 30 January 2020) in the amount of 1%, equal to the percentage provided for in article 17.4 of the current Articles of Association.
In order to demonstrate ownership of the number of shares necessary for presenting lists, shareholders must file the appropriate certification proving ownership of the number of shares represented at the registered office within the deadline set by the Company for posting the lists.

The rules established by Article 17 of the Articles of Association, as modified by the Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting of 29 April 2020, in implementation of Law 160 of December 27th 2019, also guarantee compliance with current legislation regarding the balance between genders in the administrative and control bodies of listed companies.
If the list voting system does not ensure the minimum gender quota required by law, the candidate of the most represented gender positioned last on the list of candidates elected from the list with the highest number of votes shall be replaced by the candidate of the less-represented gender who was positioned first among the non-elected candidates on the same list and so on, up to the minimum number of directors belonging to the less-represented gender. If the minimum number of directors belonging to the less represented gender still has not been reached even after applying this criterion, the replacement criterion indicated will be applied to the minority lists, starting from the list that received the highest number of votes.

Appointment mechanism

The members of the Board of Directors are appointed in accordance with current regulations and the provisions of Articles 16 and 17 of the Articles of Association, and therefore:

• the company is managed by a Board of Directors composed of 15 members;
• The members of the Board of Directors are appointed on the basis of lists in which the candidates are marked with a progressive number and, in any case, number no more than the number of members to be elected:
• 11 members taken from the list that obtained the highest number of votes according to the rank order in which they were listed, of which at least 4 must be of the less-represented gender;
• for the appointment of the remaining four members, the votes obtained by each of the lists other than the majority list, and which have not been presented or voted for by shareholders connected to the shareholders who presented or voted for the same majority list in accordance with the regulations in force at the time, are subsequently divided by one, two, three and four; The quotients deriving from this division are progressively assigned to the candidates on each list, in the order provided for by the list. Candidates are then arranged in a single descending ranking, according to the quotients assigned to each candidate. The candidates elected shall be those who the highest quotients, in relation to the remaining members to be elected, of which at least one must be of the less-represented gender.

Replacement of directors

In accordance with Article 17.10 of the Articles of Association, if one or more directors appointed on the basis of the list voting system should leave office during the course of the financial year, their places will be filled by means of the co-opting, pursuant to Article 2386 of the Italian Civil Code, of the first unelected candidates from the list to which the departing directors belonged who have not yet been members of the Board of Directors, respecting the principles of gender balance set forth by the law. If, for any reason, no candidates are available, the Board, in compliance with the principles of gender balance set forth by the law, and again pursuant to Article 2386 of the Italian Civil Code, will carry out the co-opting, as established by Article 2386 of the Civil Code. The directors thus appointed will remain in office until the next Shareholders' Meeting, which will deliberate in accordance with the procedures established for the appointment.

Refer to “Section 7” for information on the role played by the Board of Directors and Board committees in the processes of self-evaluation, nomination and succession of directors.

Composition (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 2, letter d) and d-bis, of the TUF)

In line with the requirements set out in Principle V of the Code, the Board is made up of executive and non-executive directors, all of whom have the professionalism and skills required for the tasks assigned to them.
Principle VI of the Code is also complied with in that all thirteen non-executive Directors are independent and their number and skills are such as to ensure that they have a significant influence on the Board's resolutions and guarantee effective monitoring of management.

The shareholder's meeting held 29 April 2020 appointed for three financial years a Board of Directors, whose mandate lasts from now until the approval of the financial statement for the 2022 financial year, composed of 15 members, including:

• 11 members taken from the list that obtained the highest number of votes according to the rank order in which they were listed, of which four of the less-represented gender;
• four members taken from the lists that were not the one that obtained the highest number of votes and which were neither presented nor voted on by shareholders associated with the shareholders who presented or voted for the majority list, of which two of the less-represented gender;

This appointment was thus made on the basis of the list voting system, in order to ensures that at least 1/5 of the directors are appointed from the minority list in compliance with the provisions of Article 4 of Legislative Decree-Law 332 of 31 May 1994, converted from Law no. 474 of 30 July 1994. At the Shareholders' Meeting of 29 April 2020 mentioned above, three lists of candidates were presented.

At the Shareholders’ Meeting of 29 April 2020 mentioned above, three lists of candidates were presented. The table below shows the appointed members of the Board of Directors.

The personal and professional details of each director are available on the website www.gruppohera.it.

The current composition of the Board of Directors is indicated below, please see Table 2 - Structure of the Board of Directors at the end of the financial year - attached to this report for more detailed information on the composition and functioning of the Board of Directors, as well as the specific section on the Company's website where the personal and professional details of each director are outlined.

It is specified that, following the resignation of Stefano Venier from all positions held in the Company with effect 26 April 2022, the Board of Directors resolved on 11 May 2022 to appoint by co-optation as Director and Chief Executive Officer Orazio Iacono, who will remain in office until the natural expiration of the administrative body and therefore until the approval of the financial statements as of 31 December 2022.

The current administrative body is set to expire with the approval of the financial statements at 31.12.2022 and will be renewed at the Shareholders' Meeting scheduled for 27 April 2023.
In compliance with the recommendations of the Corporate Governance Code, the current Board of Directors has decided to express to the shareholders its guidelines regarding the managerial and professional profiles whose presence on the new administrative body is deemed advisable. These guidelines were made available well in advance on the company's website (www.gruppohera.it) and on the authorized storage mechanism 1Info (www.1Info.it).

Diversity criteria and policies in Board composition and corporate organization

Hera has applied diversity criteria, including gender-based criteria, in forming the administrative body, the members of which possess the required skills and professionalism.
The appointment of the Board of Directors took place during the Shareholders' Meeting of 29 April 2020, following the presentation of three lists, one majority and two minority, which guaranteed, in accordance with regulatory provisions currently in force on the balance between genders, that at least 2/5 of the members of the Board of Directors consisted of the least-represented gender (six members of the least-represented gender out of a total of 15 directors).

Of the current 15 directors, three are between 30 and 50 years old, six are between 51 and 60 years old and six are over 60 years old, for an average age of approximately 59.
The directors possess proven professional competence in financial, economic, and legal matters and in the fields of sustainability, social and environmental issues.

Furthermore, Hera maintains as a priority the objective of ensuring equal treatment and opportunities between genders, including within the company organization as a whole, on the assumption that:

• differences in gender, culture and origin are universally recognized as a value and must be managed in the best possible way;
• feeling equal and included leads to the generation of cooperative behaviours at work and fosters an organisational coexistence which promotes greater sharing of the company culture.

Already in 2011, in order to further promote the development and dissemination of a company policy on equal opportunities and equality at work, the figure of the Diversity Manager was established with the aim of fostering the implementation of this company policy on equal opportunities and diversity enhancement. The mission of Diversity Management can be described in the following macro-points:

• spreading the culture of inclusion among public, private and civil society, and sharing best practices with local institutions and companies to strengthen the social network;
• supporting the management and valorisation of plurality in the company;
• strengthening the Hera Group's role in developing the culture of appreciating differences and fostering work-life balance.

Spreading a culture of diversity, introducing time-saving projects aimed at achieving an effective balance between everyday life and work, health and wellbeing and fostering empowerment have been central themes in the company's work to date. In particular, in 2022 Hera continued to focus on activities to raise awareness and promote a culture of diversity, both internally and externally, strengthening networking with stakeholders. In continuity with the Hera Group's priorities, particular attention is paid to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) fields and the gender gap that is often associated with them.

Maximum accumulation of positions in other companies

In a resolution dated 10 October 2006, the Board of Directors placed a limit of one on the maximum number of posts of director or statutory auditor in listed companies that can be regarded as compatible with the role of executive director, and a limit of two on the maximum number of posts of director or statutory auditor in listed companies that can be regarded as compatible with the role of non-executive director.
In this regard, the Board of Directors, in its 23 March 2022 meeting, deemed the position of director held by Ms. Mondardini in Hera to be compatible, notwithstanding the fact that she has declared that she holds positions in three listed companies, in consideration of the fact that two of these belong to the same corporate group.

Functioning of the Board of Directors (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 2, letter d) of the TUF)

In conformity with the provisions of Article 3 - Recommendation 11 - of the Code, the Company has adopted regulations for the functioning of the administrative body, approved by the Board of Directors on 11 November 2020, as well as regulations concerning the functioning of its internal committees.

The Regulations of the Board of Directors govern, in particular, the functioning of the body, the duties of the Executive Chairman and Secretary, pre-meeting information, and the duties of the Directors with specific reference to the diligence required to carry out their duties, as well as the safeguarding of the confidentiality of the data and information they acquire.
As far as pre-meeting information is concerned, in order to guarantee the timeliness and completeness of this information, the Regulations specify that the resolution proposals and/or the supporting documentation for Board meetings be brought to the attention of each Director and Statutory Auditor via a dedicated information system - accessible by means of confidential user IDs for each member - at least three working days before the date of the Board meeting, except in urgent circumstances in which case the documentation is made available as soon as it is available and in any case, if possible, before the start of the Board meeting.

The Executive Chairman and CEO ensure that the Board of Directors is also informed on the most important changes in legislation and regulations relating to the Company and the corporate bodies.
Following each Board meeting, a draft of the minutes shall be forwarded to all Directors and Auditors for possible comments. The final text of the minutes is then drafted by the Secretary of the Board of Directors and, following the approval by the Chairman, is submitted to the Board of Directors for approval at its next meeting and, subsequently, transcribed into the proper Company register. In cases of urgency - in particular for adopted resolutions requiring the immediate production of documents and/or execution - the minutes, or part thereof, may be approved on the spot.

The Board of Directors, in conformity with the provisions of Article 23 of the Articles of Association and Article 150 of Legislative Decree 58/98, reports regularly to the Board of Statutory Auditors, at least every three months, normally during the meetings of the Board of Directors or even directly through a written memorandum sent to the Chairman of the Board of Statutory Auditors, on the activities carried out and on the most important economic, financial and asset-related operations carried out by the Company or its subsidiaries, as well as on the operations in which the directors have an interest, on their own behalf or that of third parties, or which are influenced by the party that exercises the activity of direction and coordination. Each director, pursuant to Article 2391 of the Italian Civil Code, informs the other directors and the Board of Statutory Auditors of any interest which, on his own account or that of third parties, he has in a given operation of the Company, indicating the nature, terms, origin and extent of that interest; if the director concerned is the Group CEO, he must refrain from carrying out the operation and entrust it to the Board.

The Board of Directors met on 11 occasions in 2022: all the directors took part in five of these meetings, while almost all of them took part in the other six; all the statutory auditors took part in nine of the meetings, while almost all of them took part in two. The average length of the meetings of the Board of Directors was approximately two hours and 30 minutes.

Also in fiscal year 2022 as since 2019, the directors again displayed a high level of participation at the meetings of the Board of Directors (equal to approximately 95%), a figure higher than the average level of attendance recorded for FTSE MIB Index companies.

In accordance with Principle XII of the Code, each director has consequently ensured that he or she has adequate time available to diligently perform the duties assigned to him or her.

The Head of Legal and Corporate Affairs, in his capacity as Secretary of the Board of Directors, attended all of the meetings.
When so required, the managers responsible for the various departmental areas participated in the meetings of the Board of Directors to refer on matters falling under their competence that are part of the agenda.

Below are the attendance records of managers invited to attend board meetings:

• the Administration, Finance and Control Central Director attended eight meetings;
• the Strategy, Regulation and Local Authorities Central Director attended two meetings;
• the Innovation Central Director attended two meetings;
• the Market Central Director attended one meeting;
• the Enterprise Risk Manager attended three meetings;
• the Chairman of the Supervisory Body attended two meetings;
• the CEO of Herambiente Spa attended two meetings.

Regarding the current financial year, two meetings of the Board of Directors have been held as of 21 March 2023: one meeting was attended by all members, while the other meeting was attended by almost all members. As of that date, nine meetings of the Board of Directors had been planned for the remainder of the year.

Role of the Chairman of the Board of Directors

In line with the provisions of Principle X of the Code, the Chairman receives the requests and contributions of the Company's independent non-executive Directors through the Lead independent director, this latter representing a reference point and hub of coordination.
Furthermore, the Chairman, pursuant to Article 2381 of the Italian Civil Code, convenes the Board of Directors, sets the agenda, coordinates its work and ensures that all Directors are provided with adequate information regarding the items on the agenda, according to the procedures described in art. 7 below.

In particular, the Chairman, as provided for in the Regulations on the functioning of the Board of Directors and in compliance with Recommendation 12 of the Code, with the assistance of the Secretary, is responsible for ensuring that:

In terms of induction activities, the Chairman ensures that the members of the governing body participate in initiatives aimed at increasing their own knowledge of Hera's sector of activities, its company dynamics and their developments, as well as the regulatory reference frame.
As in the past, during the last financial year occasions of in-depth analysis were organised in order to ensure that Directors were able to acquire an adequate knowledge of the main issues concerning the Company.

During 2022, induction sessions covered the topic of directors' independence as well as an in-depth look at the energy supply chain (energy sales and production and energy services), waste management supply chain (waste collection and sweeping-regulated activities; recovery and treatment activities regulated by the free market), and network supply chain (gas and electricity distribution, water cycle, and district heating).

During 2022, moreover, priority was given to analysis - at the Board meetings - aimed at providing directors with adequate knowledge of the main characteristics of the company (governance, sustainability, dialogues held with shareholders and bondholders and outreach to other stakeholders), the results the Groups has achieved in recent years, the elements of the business plan and CSV strategy as well as human resources, financial management and risk management, with specific in-depth analyses of the individual sectors and a focus on the other services and activities carried out by the Group in terms of innovation.

On the subject of stakeholders, an overview of the activities of local advisory councils (HeraLABs) was also provided.
Issues related to climate and sustainability, TCFD (Task force on climate-related financial disclosures) recommendations, and SBTi (Science-Based Target initiatives) were examined.

Specifically, with regard to the energy outlook (including as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict), updates were provided on: electricity/gas price variability and trading conditions, markets of last resort, gas storage, performance and actions taken by the Hera Group for the benefit of workers and customers, and the performance of the Hera Share.

On the other hand, as far as the climate change situation is concerned, an update was also provided about the water crisis and its impact in the areas served.
The Hera Group's Quality and Sustainability Policy was also updated, and the Benefit Company model was analysed; the latter was later concretised with the statutory changes made in some of the Group's companies, demonstrating the Hera Group's focus on sustainable development and value creation for the areas and communities it serves.

>With reference to the National Recovery and Resilience Plan, project proposals were submitted - funded, in part or in full, by the Plan itself - related to: energy transition (photovoltaic plants, e-mobility, power-to-gas plant, interconnection of district heating systems), circular economy (recycling of carbon fibres and rigid plastics, efficiency and digitalisation of water networks, bio-drying of sludge), innovation and digitalisation (resilience of the electricity networks: new robotic primary and secondary substations and automation and remote control systems; the resilience of water networks: infrastructure automation/digitalisation systems).

1. the pre-meeting briefing and additional information provided during meetings are adequate to enable Directors to act in an informed manner in carrying out their role;
2. the activities of board committees with investigative, propositional and consultative duties are coordinated with those of the governing body;
3. the Company and Group company managers in charge of the relevant corporate departments may attend Board meetings to discuss the items for which they are responsible; they are, however, obliged to observe the confidentiality requirements laid down for Board meetings;
4. all members of the management and control bodies may attend induction sessions after their appointment and during their term of office;
5. the self-assessment process conducted by the governing body is effective and transparent.
6. In addition, in-depth coverage was given to risk assessment, cyber security management plan progress and information systems strategy, and financial risk reports as well as investment.
   A new protocol was also adopted with reference to the organisational model pursuant to Legislative Decree 231/2001, and the periodic reports of the Risks Committee and the Control Committee were presented.

    

Subsequently, evaluations were carried out on the recommendations of the Chairman of the Corporate Governance Committee and, consequently: (i) the qualitative-quantitative criteria for assessing a director's independence were defined and (ii) in February 2023 - thus before the renewal of the term of office - the “Guidelines of the Board of Directors of Hera Spa to Shareholders on the Composition of the Board of Directors” were published in order to allow those submitting lists of candidates to be able to take them into account when making up the list.

In 2022 as well, further in-depth analysis was also carried out during strategy day, as a moment of collective reflection on the future of the Company, with the support of management.
In addition, a visit was organised first to the biomethane plant in Sant'Agata Bolognese (Bo) and then to Rimini's Piazzale Kennedy-optimised beach safeguard plan (Psbo).

Induction activities will also continue during 2023, particularly in depth for newly appointed directors and auditors.

The Chairman, with the support of the Secretary of the Board of Directors, reports to the Board of Directors on a six-monthly basis or by the first available meeting, whenever significant events occur, on the development and relevant aspects of the dialogue with shareholders and bondholders, as well as on any contacts with other stakeholders.
During the meetings held on 23 February 2022, 27 July 2022, and 8 February 2023, the Chairman informed the Board of Directors about the meetings held with investors and financial analysts, the road shows carried out and scheduled for 2023 in the main European (Milan, Geneva, London, and Zurich) and American (New York, Chicago, and Boston) marketplaces, as well as about the most significant requests received from other stakeholders.

Secretary of the Board

In compliance with the provisions contained in Recommendation 18 of the Code, the Board resolves - upon proposal of the Chairman - regarding the appointment and removal of the Secretary of the administrative body, this latter required to meet the professionalism requirement and provide assistance and advice to the management body in relation to any issue that has to do with the proper functioning of the corporate governance system.

In the event he or she is absent or unable, the duties of Secretary shall be temporarily assigned by the Chairman to a person designated by him or her.

Also pursuant to the provisions of Recommendation 12, the Secretary is responsible for the following duties:

1. coordinating and collecting the documentation to be submitted to the Board of Directors;
2. assisting the Chairman in conducting the meeting;
3. drafting the minutes of the meeting;
4. >maintaining the stamped minute books of the meetings and the records of the Board of Directors' meetings;
5. communicating to the relevant departments the resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors relating to their sphere of competence.

Executive Directors

There are two executive directors on the Hera Board of Directors, the Chairman and the Chief Executive Officer.
Neither of the two executive directors can be described as the principal supervisor for the management of the company (chief executive officer), given that both receive the reports of different company sectors and are assigned specific management powers pertaining to these sectors.

Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors

The Board of Directors, at its meeting of 29 April 2020, passed a resolution to grant the following powers to the Executive Chairman:

1. to chair and direct the Shareholders' Meetings;
2. to establish the agenda of the meetings of the Board of Directors, taking into account the proposals of the CEO;
3. to oversee the deliberations of the Company's administrative bodies, without neglecting the periodic reports presented by the Internal Auditing Department;
4. to represent the Company before third parties and in legal proceedings, with the power to appoint attorneys and lawyers;
5. in cases of urgency, in association with the CEO, to make any decision falling within the competence of the Board of Directors, informing the Board of Directors accordingly at its next meeting;
6. in association with the Group CEO, to propose to the Board of Directors the appointment of Company representatives on the administrative and control bodies of affiliate companies;
7. to represent the company in relations with the shareholding Public Authorities;
8. to propose to the Board the candidates for membership of the Committees that the Board may decide to establish in compliance with the Stock Exchange regulations which the Company is obliged to observe, or that it intends to establish;
9. to execute the decisions of the Shareholders' Meeting and of the Board of Directors as far as his authority permits;
10. to supervise the Company's performance for the purposes of achieving the corporate goals and to draw up proposals relating to the management of the Company to be submitted to the Board of Directors;
11. to be responsible for organizing the services and offices under his authority, as well as the employees working under him;
12. to sign company correspondence and deeds associated with the exercise of the powers attributed to him and the functions he holds;
13. to supervise the management of the Company and, as far as his authority permits, of its subsidiaries, reporting each month to the Board of Directors;
14. to draw up the Long-term Plans to be submitted to the Board of Directors; to implement corporate and Group strategies, within the context of the directives established by the Board, and to exercise the delegated powers, particularly those listed here, in accordance with the said strategies and directives;
15. to propose to the Board any initiatives that he may deem useful to the interests of the Company and the Group, and to draw up proposals on matters reserved to the competence of the Board;
16. to represent the Company in the shareholders' meetings of companies, associations, entities and bodies that do not constitute joint-stock companies, of which the Company is a member, with the power to issue special proxies;
17. to make payments into bank and post office accounts of the Company, and to endorse cheques and drafts for crediting to the said accounts;
18. to actively or passively represent the Company before public and private entities and offices, Chambers of Commerce, Stock Exchanges, the National Commission for Listed Companies and the Stock Exchange, the Ministry for Foreign Trade, and the Italian Exchange Office, and any other Public Administration or Authority; by way of example:
    a) to sign notices, including notices to the General Register of Shares and to Consob, and to fulfil the corporate obligations provided by law and regulations;
    b) to submit reports, motions and appeals, to apply for licences and authorisations;
19. to represent the Company in all active and passive lawsuits, in all degrees of jurisdiction, before arbitration boards, with the widest powers to:
    a) to promote actions to determine jurisdiction, conservative, restraining and executive actions, request summary judgements and seizures of property and oppose the same, enter civil proceedings, present motions and appeals, file lawsuits and complaints;
    b)request and oppose any evidence, undergo free or formal examination, elect domicile, appoint lawyers, attorneys and arbitrators, and perform whatever else may be necessary for the positive outcome of the lawsuits at issue;
20. to stipulate and sign contracts and deeds to take on or dispose of shares, to constitute companies, associations and consortiums with a value not exceeding € 500,000.00 (five hundred thousand euro) for each transaction;
21. to establish, in the Company's interests, consultancy relationships with external experts and professional consultants, specifying the terms and conditions of payment, all within the limits of € 300,000.00 (three hundred thousand euro) for each operation;
22. as far as his authority permits, to stipulate, amend and terminate commercial agreements with companies and entities;
23. as far as his authority permits, to stipulate, with all the appropriate clauses, assign and terminate contracts and agreements pertaining in any manner to the corporate purpose - including those relating to know-how, trademarks and patents - also in association with other companies, up to a limit of € 2,000,000.00 (two million euro) for each transaction;
24. to provide for the expenses incurred by the Company for investments, call for tenders, stipulate, amend and terminate the relative contracts, in particular for:
    a) works and supplies necessary for the transformation and maintenance of properties and plants up to an amount of € 20,000,000.00 (twenty million euro) for each individual operation;
    b) purchases and disposals of furniture, fittings, machinery and moveable assets in general, including those enrolled in public registers, up to an amount of Euro 10,000,000.00 (ten million) for each individual operation, as well as finance leases and rentals of such assets, with the cost limit referring to the annual rental;
    c) purchases, including those under usage licence with the cost limit referring to the annual premium, and job orders relating to EDP programmes;
    d) commercial information;

25. to participate, as far as his authority permits, in the capacity of representative of the Company, as Parent Company or as principal company, in the formation of joint ventures, TACs (Temporary Associations of Companies), EGEIs (European Groups of Economic Interest), consortiums and other entities, issuing and receiving the relative mandates, for the purpose of participating in tenders for the awarding of works, services and supplies;
26. to take part, as far as his authority permits, in the Company's name, including in TACs (Temporary Associations of Companies), EGEIs (European Group of Economic Interest), consortiums and other entities, in tenders for contracts or concessions, auctions, private invitations to tender, private negotiations, calls for bids and other public auctions at national, EU and international level, including those eligible for State grants or aid, for the awarding of works, supplies of plant, including turn-key, and/or of goods and/or studies and/or research and/or services in general for any national, EU or international public or private entity; submit applications for participation as from the pre-qualification stage; submit bids up to an amount of Euro25,000,000.00 (twenty-five million) for each individual transaction - in cases of urgency, the decision concerning amounts exceeding Euro25,000,000.00 (twenty-five million) will be taken in association with the Group CEO, informing the Board of Directors accordingly at its next meeting; in the case of awarding, sign the relevant documents, contracts and commitments, including the issue of guarantees and/or the establishment of guarantee deposits, with the widest powers to negotiate, settle and/or complete all the clauses that he may deem necessary and/or appropriate and/or useful;
27. to take out, modify and cancel insurance policies, with the cost limit referring to the annual premium, including for surety policies, up to the value of € 500,000.00 (five hundred thousand euro) for each operation (this limit will not apply to transactions connected with participation in tenders);
28. to draw up, sign and implement deeds of sale, purchase, and expropriation of properties and to grant, modify or cancel the in rem rights associated with these properties, with the option of carrying out all the operations associated with and consequent to this, including paying and/or receiving, also in instalments, the payment, and to pay out possible damages and waive statutory mortgages, up to a total of € 500.000,00 (five hundred thousand euro) for each operation;
29. to draw up, sign and implement deeds of association, modification or extinguishment for positive and negative easements, voluntary or of necessity, and to initiate expropriation proceedings for properties, installations, equipment and plants serving these networks, as well as any other deed that might become necessary for fine-tuning the easements in question, with the authority to execute all the associated and consequent deeds, including paying and/or receiving, also in instalments, the payment and to pay out possible damages and waive statutory mortgages, up to a total of € 500.000,00 (five hundred thousand euro) for each operation;
30. to rent or let out properties under leases or subleases and stipulate, amend and terminate the relative contracts;
31. to deliberate the cancellation, reduction or restriction of mortgages or liens registered in favour of the Company, as well as subrogations in favour of third parties, where the aforesaid cancellations and waivers are requested further or subordinate to the full discharge of the credit;
32. to establish, register and renew mortgages and liens on the account of third parties and to the benefit of the Company; permit mortgage cancellations and limitations on the account of third parties and to the benefit of the Company for return and reduction of obligations; waive mortgages and mortgage subrogations, including those of a legal nature, and effect any other mortgage transaction, always on the account of third parties and to the benefit of the Company, and therefore receivable, exonerating the competent property registrars from each and every responsibility;
33. to appoint lawyers and attorneys for dispute proceedings of any judicial degree; conclude transactions up to a maximum of € 5,000,000.00 (five million) for each individual transaction, sign arbitral settlements and compromise agreements, and nominate and appoint arbitrators;
34. to define the functional structures of the Company and its subsidiaries, within the framework of the general organisation guidelines established by the Board, specify the criteria for personnel hiring and management in compliance with the annual budget; propose the engagement of directors for each department to the Board of Directors, in consultation with the Executive Committee; engage, appoint and dismiss personnel in accordance with the provisions contained in the annual budgets; promote disciplinary sanctions, dismissals and any other measure in relation to personnel;
35. to represent the Company in all lawsuits pertaining to labour law, including the power to:
    a) settle individual labour disputes concerning all categories of employees;
    b) request and oppose any evidence, undergo free or formal examination, elect domicile, appoint lawyers, attorneys and arbitrators, and perform whatever else may be necessary for the positive outcome of the lawsuits at issue;
36. represent the Company before Social Security and Welfare offices and entities in relation to issues concerning employees of the Company, and also before Trade Unions in negotiations for contracts, agreements and labour disputes, with the power to sign the related documents;
37. grant and revoke powers of attorney within the sphere of the aforesaid powers, for individual acts or categories of acts, to both employees of the Company and to third parties including legal entities;
38. as far as his authority permits, to decide the Company's subscription to bodies, associations and entities of a scientific or technical nature or pertaining to studies and research within the Company's field of interest, where the related subscription fees do not represent an interest in the equity of the entity concerned and where participation in the same does not involve an outlay of more than € 300,000.00 (three hundred thousand euro) for each operation;
39. the Chairman is assigned the powers and responsibilities set forth in EU Regulation 2016/679 (General Data Protection Regulation - GDPR) and Legislative Decree 196 of 30 June 2003 concerning the processing of personal data and privacy, with the power of delegation;
40. the Chairman, within the scope and limits of the respective delegations and reporting lines of the various corporate structures, is charged, as far as his authority permit, with the establishment and maintenance of the Internal Control and Risk Management Systems. To this end, as far as his authority permits, he: 
    a) ensures that the Risk Committee identifies the main business risks, taking into account the activities carried out by the Company and its subsidiaries, and periodically presents those risks for examination by the Board of Directors;
    b) implements the guidelines defined by the Board of Directors, ensuring that the responsible business structures design, create and manage the Internal Control and Risk Management Systems, constantly checking their overall appropriateness, effectiveness and efficiency;
    c) ensures that the system is suited to the dynamics of the operating conditions and of the legislative and regulatory context;
    d) may ask the Internal Auditing Structure to perform checks on specific operational areas, and on compliance with internal rules and procedures in carrying out corporate operations;
    e) promptly informs the Control and Risks Committee (or the Board of Directors) regarding problem areas or issues that emerge in carrying out his activities or of which he has been informed, in order that the Committee (or Board) may take appropriate actions.

In relation to the powers outlined above and in conformity with the provisions of Article 2 - Recommendation 4 of the Code, it is noted that the Board of Directors has granted management authority to the Chairman due to the organisational complexity of the Hera Group and for the purposes of a more efficient achievement of the company's business and strategies. In this regard, according to the organizational structure the President is responsible for Legal and Corporate Central Management, Human Resources and Organization Central Management, External Relations Central Management, Strategy, Regulatory Affairs and Local Authorities Central Management, Corporate Services Central Management and the Investor Relations Department, as well as the businesses related to the activities of the companies Herambiente Spa, Marche Multiservizi Spa and AcegasApsAmga Spa.

The Board of Directors, at its meeting of 11 May 2022, unanimously passed a resolution to grant the following powers to the Group CEO:

1. to execute the decisions of the Shareholders' Meeting and of the Board of Directors as far as his authority permits;

2. in cases of urgency, in association with the Chairman, to make any decision falling within the competence of the Board of Directors, informing the Board of Directors accordingly at its next meeting;

3. to implement corporate and Group strategies, within the context of the directives established by the Board of Directors, and to exercise the delegated powers, particularly those listed here, in accordance with the said strategies and directives;

4. to propose to the Board any initiatives that he may deem useful to the interests of the Company and the Group, and to draw up proposals on matters reserved to the competence of the Board;

5. to draw up the annual budget to be submitted to the Board of Directors;

6. to be responsible for organizing the services and offices under his authority, as well as the employees working under him;

7. to make monthly reports to the Board of Directors, as far as his authority permits, as regards the specified subsidiary companies;

8. to sign company correspondence and deeds associated with the exercise of the powers attributed to him and the functions he holds;

9. to stipulate, amend and terminate agreements concerning lines of credit or loans of any type and duration involving a cost commitment of up to € 1,000,000.00 (one million euro) for each individual transaction;

10. to open and close current accounts with banks and credit institutions, withdraw sums from the accounts held in the Company's name, issuing for this purpose the relative cheques or equivalent credit documents, and order transfers utilising available funds or lines of current account credit;

11. to make payments into bank and post office accounts of the Company, and to endorse cheques and drafts for crediting to the said accounts; arrange for the management of activities relating to the collection of sums due and payments by the Company, including the issuing of discharged receipts;

12. to draw bills on customers, endorse also for discount promissory notes, bills and drafts, as well as cheques of any kind, and effect any consequential transaction;

13. to assign receivables and accept the assignment of receivables claimed by Company suppliers (contracts for reverse factoring and/or indirect factoring) without recourse and/or with recourse up to a maximum amount of € 250,000,000.00 (250 million euro) per transaction and to operate with companies and factoring institutions by signing all related deeds;

14. to actively and passively represent the Company before the Tax Authorities and Commissions of any nature and rank, as well as before the Cassa Depositi Prestiti, the Bank of Italy, Customs Offices, Post and Telegraphic Offices by way of example:

1. to sign tax and VAT returns and to fulfil any other tax-related obligations;

2. to submit reports, motions and appeals, to apply for licences and authorisations;

3. to issue receipts, in particular for payment orders in relation to credits subject to factoring operations;

4. to perform any transaction at the Cassa Depositi Prestiti, the Bank of Italy, Customs Offices, Post and Telegraphic Offices for the shipment, deposit, clearance and collection of goods, credit instruments, parcels and packages, registered and insured letters, issuing receipts for the same;

15. to issue guarantees and grant loans, and sign bank surety agreements up to the value of € 500,000.00 (five hundred thousand) for each operation (this limit shall not apply to operations relating to participation in tenders); to issue, accept and endorse credit instruments;

16. to participate, as far as his authority permits, in the capacity of representative of the Company, as Parent Company or as principal company, in the formation of joint ventures, TACs (Temporary Associations of Companies), EGEIs (European Groups of Economic Interest), consortiums and other entities, issuing and receiving the relative mandates, for the purpose of participating in tenders for the awarding of works, services and supplies;

17. to take part, as far as his authority permits, in the Company's name, including in TACs (Temporary Associations of Companies), EGEIs (European Group of Economic Interest), consortiums and other entities, in tenders for contracts or concessions, auctions, private invitations to tender, private negotiations, calls for bids and other public auctions at national, EU and international level, including those eligible for State grants or aid, for the awarding of works, supplies of plant, including turn-key, and/or of goods and/or studies and/or research and/or services in general for any national, EU or international public or private entity; submit applications for participation as from the pre-qualification stage; submit bids up to an amount of € 25,000,000.00 (twenty-five million euro) for each individual transaction - in cases of urgency, the decision concerning amounts exceeding € 25,000,000.00 (twenty-five million euro) will be taken in association with the Chairman, informing the Board of Directors accordingly at its next meeting; in the case of awarding, sign the relevant documents, contracts and commitments, including the issue of guarantees and/or the establishment of guarantee deposits, with the widest powers to negotiate, settle and/or complete all the clauses that he may deem necessary and/or appropriate and/or useful;

18. as far as his authority permits, to stipulate, amend and terminate commercial agreements with companies and entities;

19. as far as his authority permits, to stipulate, with all the appropriate clauses, assign and terminate contracts and agreements pertaining in any manner to the corporate purpose - including those relating to know-how, trademarks and patents - also in association with other companies, up to a limit of € 2,000,000.00 (two million euro) for each transaction;

20. to establish, in the Company's interests, consultancy relationships with external experts and professional consultants, specifying the terms and conditions of payment, all within the limits of € 300,000.00 (three hundred thousand euro) for each operation;

21. to conclude transactions up to an amount of € 5,000,000.00 (five million euro) for each individual transaction, sign arbitral settlements and compromise agreements, and nominate and appoint arbitrators;

22. to draw up, sign and implement deeds of association, modification or extinguishment for positive and negative easements, voluntary or of necessity, and to initiate expropriation proceedings for properties, installations, equipment and plants serving these networks, as well as any other deed that might become necessary for fine-tuning the easements in question, with the authority to execute all the associated and consequent deeds, including paying and/or receiving, also in instalments, the payment and to pay out possible damages and waive statutory mortgages, up to a total of € 500.000,00 (five hundred thousand euro) for each operation;

23. grant and revoke powers of attorney within the sphere of the aforesaid powers, for individual acts or categories of acts, to both employees of the Company and to third parties including legal entities;

24. as far as his authority permits, to decide the Company's subscription to bodies, associations and entities of a scientific or technical nature or pertaining to studies and research within the Company's field of interest, where the related subscription fees do not represent an interest in the equity of the entity concerned and where participation in the same does not involve an outlay of more than € 300,000.00 (three hundred thousand euro) for each operation;

25. the CEO is assigned the role of “Employer” pursuant to and for the purposes of Article 2 of Legislative Decree 81 of 9 April 2008 and subsequent amendments and integrations, with the duties provided for therein and with the power to delegate, as far as is permitted by said decree, the performance of any activity useful and/or necessary for ensuring compliance with the provisions of the law, with the exception of the following Sectors/Structures, for which the role of Employer is attributed as indicated below:

1. Corporate Systems Central Department (excluding the Purchasing and Procurement Department) Marcello Guerrini

2. Water Department Susanna Zucchelli

3. Environmental Services and Fleets Central Department Franco Fogacci;

4. Innovation Central Department Salvatore Molè;

5. Central Market Department (especially for activities regarding district heating, the Imola cogenerator productive unit and all the plants and activities falling under this authority) Cristian Fabbri;

6. Purchases and Contracts Department Marco Del Giaccio;

26. the CEO is responsible for overseeing activities relating to the Register of Freight Carriers, with the power of delegation;

27. the CEO, within the scope and limits of the respective delegations and reporting lines of the various corporate structures, is charged, as far as his authority permits, with the establishment and maintenance of the Internal Control and Risk Management Systems.  To this end, as far as his authority permits, he:

1. ensures that the Risk Committee identifies the main business risks, taking into account the activities carried out by the Company and its subsidiaries, and periodically presents those risks for examination by the Board of Directors;

2. implements the guidelines defined by the Board of Directors, ensuring that the responsible business structures design, create and manage the Internal Control and Risk Management Systems, constantly checking their overall appropriateness, effectiveness and efficiency;

3. ensures that the system is suited to the dynamics of the operating conditions and of the legislative and regulatory context;

4. may ask the Internal Auditing Structure to perform checks on specific operational areas, and on compliance with internal rules and procedures in carrying out corporate operations;

5. promptly informs the Control and Risks Committee (or the Board of Directors) regarding problem areas or issues that emerge in carrying out his activities or of which he has been informed, in order that the Committee (or Board) may take appropriate actions.

Analogously to that stated for the Chairman, in compliance with the provisions of article 2 - Recommendation 4 of the Code, it is noted that the Board of Directors has granted management authority to the CEO due to the organisational complexity of the Hera Group and for the purposes of a more efficient achievement of the company's business and strategies. To this end, the organisational structure establishes that the Chief Executive Officer oversees the Administration Central Management, Finance and Control, Market Central Department, Innovation Central Department,Networks Central Department, Waste Management and Fleets Central Department, Shared Value and Sustainability Department, Business Development, as well as the businesses linked to the activities of the companies Uniflotte Srl, Inrete Distribuzione Energia Spa, Heratech Srl, Hera Comm Spa, Hera Trading Srl and Acantho Spa.

It is also stipulated that projects developed by the Business Development and Subsidiaries Department, which reports directly to the CEO, will be managed jointly with the Executive Chairman.

Executive Committee (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 2, letter d) of the TUF)

The Board of Directors, appointed during the Shareholders' Meeting of 29 April 2020 and in office until the natural expiration of the administrative body's term, and therefore until the approval of the financial statements as of 31 December 2022, as provided for by Articles 21.3 (iii) and (iv) and 23.3 of the Articles of Association, at its meeting of 13 May 2020, appointed the Executive Committee consisting of the following members: Tomaso Tommasi di Vignano, Chairman of the Executive Committee; Gabriele Giacobazzi, Vice Chairman of the Executive Committee; and Stefano Venier and Alessandro Melcarne, members.

Subsequently, the Board of Directors, on 11 May 2022, following the resignation of Stefano Venier, with effect from 26 April 2022, from all positions held in the Company, resolved to appoint, in his place, to the position of member of the Executive Committee Orazio Iacono, who will remain in office until the natural expiration of the administrative body and therefore until the approval of the financial statements as of 31 December 2022.

In view of the above, the Executive Committee, its activities coordinated by the Chairman, is made up of the following:

• Tomaso Tommasi di Vignano Chairman of the Executive Committee

• Gabriele Giacobazzi                   Vice Chairman of the Executive Committee

• Orazio Iacono                                               member of the Executive Committee

• Alessandro Melcarne                  member of the Executive Committee

With regard to the annual definition of the Group business plan and the budget and to the proposals for the appointment of first level senior executives for each departmental area, the Committee has the task of expressing an opinion prior to presentation to the Board of Directors, and also of deciding:

1. as to contracts and agreements pertaining to the corporate purpose with a value exceeding 2 million euro for each individual contract;

2. in the interests of the Company, consultancy relationships with external experts and professional consultants, specifying the terms and conditions of payment, with a value exceeding 300 thousand euro and up to 1 million euro for each operation;

3. as to the Company's subscription to bodies, associations and entities of a scientific and technical nature or pertaining to studies and research within the Company's field of interest, where the related subscription fees do not represent an interest in the equity of the said entity and where participation in the same involves an outlay of more than 300 thousand euro and up to 1 million euro for each operation;

4. to settle disputes and/or waive credits of an amount exceeding 5 million euro;

5. as to the activation, amendment and termination of contracts for the opening of lines of credit or loans of any type and duration involving a cost commitment of more than 1 million euro and up to 5 million euro for each operation;

6. as to issuing calls for tender and/or the stipulation, amendment and termination of contracts for investments relating to:

• works and supplies necessary for the transformation and maintenance of properties and plants for an amount exceeding 20 million euro for each operation;

• purchases and disposals of furniture, fittings, machinery and moveable assets in general, including those enrolled in public registers, with a value exceeding 10 million euro for each operation;

The Committee is also responsible for:

7. examining Audit Reports on a three-monthly basis

8. supervising, in conformity with the system of delegations defined within the Company, the implementation of the action plans arising from the audit reports;

9. examining the reports for the mapping and monitoring of financial risks on a three-monthly basis.

The Executive Committee met on seven occasions in 2022, and all of the meetings were attended by all members. The average duration of the meetings of the Executive Committee, duly recorded in the minutes, was approximately one hour.

Below are the attendance records of managers invited to attend Executive Committee meetings:

• the Administration, Finance and Control Central Director attended three meetings;

• the Corporate Services Central Director attended one meeting;

The President shall report half-yearly to the Board of Directors regarding the activities of the Executive Committee during the reporting period.

Regarding the current financial year, two meetings of the Executive Committee have been held as of 21 March 2023: one meeting was attended by all members, while the other meeting was attended by almost all members. As of that date, another four meetings of the Executive Committee had been planned for the remainder of the year.

Information to the Board from the Directors/delegated bodies

In conformity with the recommendations of the Code, the delegated bodies report to the Board of Directors and to the Board of Statutory Auditors, at least every three months, on the activities carried out in exercising the powers delegated to them.

Other Executive Directors

With the exception of the Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, there are no additional directors on Hera's Board of Directors who are to be considered executive.

As regards the Directors in addition to the Executive Chairman and CEO who are also members of the company's Executive Committee, it is believed that they should not be considered executive directors since they carry out their duties collectively within the committee.

Independent directors and Lead independent director

Independent directors

There are currently 13 independent non-executive members of the Board, Gabriele Giacobazzi, Fabio Bacchilega, Danilo Manfredi, Alessandro Melcarne, Lorenzo Minganti, Monica Mondardini, Erwin P.W. Rauhe, Manuela Cecilia Rescazzi, Paola Gina Maria Schwizer, Federica Seganti, Bruno Tani, Alice Vatta and Marina Vignola, in the sense that they meet the independence requirements set out in the Corporate Governance Code and article 148, paragraph 3 of the TUF.

Specifically, in compliance with recommendation 7 of the Code, the directors indicated above have stated that:

• they are not significant shareholders of the Company;

• they are not currently, and have not been in the previous three fiscal years, an executive director or employee:

• of the Company, of a subsidiary with strategic importance or of a company under common control;

• of a significant shareholder of the Company;

• they do not currently have, nor have they had in the previous three financial years, either directly or indirectly, any significant commercial, financial or professional relationship:

• with the Company or its subsidiaries, or with its executive officers or top management;

• with a party who, also together with others through a shareholders' agreement, controls the Company; or, if the controlling party is a company or entity, with its executive directors or top management;

• they do not receive and have not received in the previous three financial years, from the Company, one of its subsidiaries or the parent company, any significant remuneration in addition to the fixed remuneration for the office and that established for participation in internal committees;

• they have not been a director of the Company for more than nine financial years, including non-consecutive ones, in the last 12 financial years;

• they have not held the office of executive director in another company in which an executive director of the Company holds the office of director;

• they are not shareholders or directors of a company or entity belonging to the network of the firm appointed to audit the Company's accounts;

• they are not close relatives of a party in one of the positions described in the previous points;

In compliance with Recommendation 5, it is believed that the number and expertise of independent directors is appropriate to the needs of the company and the operation of the Board, as well as the establishment of related committees.

At its 23 February 2022 meeting, the Board of Directors defined the quantitative and qualitative criteria for assessing the significance of the relevant circumstances pursuant to the Code for the purposes of evaluating directors' independence.

Specifically, the Board of Directors established that:

• business, financial and professional relationships, in accordance with Recommendation 7, first paragraph, letter c) of the Code, are to be considered significant and therefore capable of compromising the Director's independence if for any reason the Director has derived from the commercial, financial or professional relationship a sum the total annual value of which is equal to or greater than:

1. 5% of the annual turnover of the legal entity, organization or professional firm over which the Director has control or in which he/she holds shares or of which he/she is an executive director;

or

2. 10% of the total annual costs incurred by the Hera Group for services attributable to the same type of contractual relationship as the commercial, financial or professional relationship in question.

• The additional remuneration, in accordance with Recommendation 7, first paragraph, letter d) of the Code is that which the Director receives or has received, from Hera Spa and/or one of its subsidiaries, with respect to the fixed remuneration for the office held and is to be considered significant if:

1. it relates to professional appointments or consultancies

and

2. it is equal to the fixed remuneration received from Hera Spa in the year in question for holding the office of Director.

In line with the provisions of Recommendations 6 and 10 of the Code, the independence of the aforementioned directors had already been assessed, at the time of their appointment, by the Board of Directors, which announced the result of this assessment by means of a press release circulated to the market.

The following circumstances do not invalidate the requirements of independence of a director: the appointment of the director by the shareholders or group of shareholders controlling the Company; the holding of the office of director of a subsidiary of the Company and receiving the related remuneration; the holding of the office of member of one of the advisory Committees cited below.

During the 21 March 2023 session, in light of the declarations made by each of the non-executive directors and taking into account that the Board of Directors is not aware of any relationships maintained by the current non-executive directors such as to compromise or condition their independent judgment, the Board of Directors confirmed the assessment of its members' independence.
In this regard, it is specified that:

• with regard to Director Gabriele Giacobazzi, Vice-Chairman and member of the Executive Committee, and Director Alessandro Melcarne, member of the Executive Committee, it is deemed that they comply with the independence requirements since they are not involved in the operational management of the Company, having taken into account, among other things, the functions delegated to said body;

• with regard to Director Fabio Bacchilega, although he is a significant representative of the shareholder Con.Ami (Chairman of Con.Ami), it is deemed that he meets the requirements of independence as the shareholder Con.Ami cannot be considered the parent company of Hera Spa, nor is it able to exercise significant influence over it;

• with regard to Director Monica Mondardini, who stated that she has a fourth-degree familial relationship with a Hera Spa employee, it is deemed that she cannot influence, or be influenced by this person in her relations with Hera and its Group, and therefore that she still meets the independence requirements.

As part of the tasks assigned to it by law, the Board of Statutory Auditors has verified the correct application of the assessment criteria and procedures adopted by the Board of Directors to evaluate the independence of its non-executive members.
During financial year 2022, the independent directors, in compliance with the last paragraph of Recommendation 5 of the Corporate Governance Code, met separately and independently on 27 September 2022.
The meeting was chaired and coordinated by the lead independent director and focused mainly on the topics of (i) the Board of Directors' self-assessment and (ii) how to select top management figures.

Lead independent director

Recommendation 13 of Article 3 of the Code provides that, if certain conditions are met, at the request of the majority of the independent directors, the board of directors shall appoint an independent director as lead independent director, so that he or she can be the focal point and coordinator of the requests and contributions coming from the non-executive directors and, in particular, the independent directors, coordinating their meetings.
At a meeting held 16 December 2020, the Board of Directors, on the recommendation of the Vice Chairman on behalf of all the independent directors, appointed as lead independent director of the Company the independent director Erwin Paul Walter Rauhe, and he will hold this position until the natural expiry of the administrative body, i.e. until the date the Shareholders' Meeting of Hera approves the financial statements at 31 December 2022.
As of 2021, the lead independent director is provided with specific regulations approved by the Board of Directors.

For the purposes of governing the communication to the sector Authorities and the public of notices, data and price-sensitive information pertaining to the management and activities carried out, the dissemination of which might have an impact on the processes used for valuing the Company's shares, and consequently, on the levels of demand and supply of those shares, the Board of Directors updated the specific Group procedure by incorporating the legislative innovations effective as of 3 July 2016 introduced by the European legislation on Market abuse regulation (MAR) (EU Regulation 596/2014, Directive 2014/57/EU, EU Implementation Regulations 2016/1055 and 2016/1210), as well as the Consob guidelines on the subject issued in October 2017.

This procedure has the aim of:

1. identifying and ascertaining specific confidential and material information, i.e. information relating to data, events, projects or circumstances that may take on a privileged nature and, consequently, influence the price of Hera shares;

2. defining procedures for authorization and management within the Group;

3. governing the procedures for external communication in terms of documentation, notices issued, interviews given, statements made and meetings conducted.

The aforementioned procedure is aimed at identifying the corporate functions that support top management in identifying and consequently mapping the relevant information, as well as the subjects who have access to it and the moment in which such information can take on the character of inside information, based on the assessments made by top management itself.

In compliance with the provisions of the Consob Guidelines, a so-called Relevant Information List (RIL) is drawn up that includes the names of the subjects who have access to the relevant information. The RIL stands alongside the already-existing list of people with access to privileged information, the management and storage methods of which were already updated at the time in compliance with the provisions introduced by the MAR (EU Regulation 596/2014, Directive 2014/57 / EU, EU Implementing Regulation 2016/1210), which, in particular, expanded the concept of privileged information, establishing that it is information of a precise nature which has not been made public and which directly or indirectly concerns one or more issuers or one or more financial instruments and which, if made public, could have a significant effect on the prices of such financial instruments or on the prices of related financial derivative instruments, and introducing the concept of inside information that is part of a protracted process.

Furthermore, in applying the internal dealing procedure updated by Hera Spa following the entry into force of the MAR (EU Regulation 596/2014, Directive 2014/57 / EU, EU Implementing Regulations 2016/523 and 2016/522 ) relevant subjects, obliged to communicate to Consob the transactions they carry out on the financial instruments of Hera Spa, are considered to include the members of the Board of Directors, the standing auditors, the general managers, and the holders of an equity investment calculated pursuant to article 118 of the Consob Issuers Regulation as equal to at least 10% of the total voting rights that make up the Company's share capital, as well as persons closely associated with them. This procedure governs the timing and methods of communicating the operations carried out by the relevant subjects. Hera Spa has identified the Legal and Corporate Affairs Department as the entity responsible for receiving, managing and disseminating this type of information to the market.

The responsible entity will utilize the External Relations Central Department to disseminate the information to the market.

The internal committees, set up in compliance with Principle XI and Recommendation 16 of the Code, represent an internal Board of Directors structure with investigative, propositional and advisory functions.

Their composition, which is available on the website www.gruppohera.it, evaluated at the time of appointment by the Board, has been formed in line with the provisions of Recommendation 17 to grant priority to the competence and experience of the members, while avoiding an excessive concentration of positions.

The Hera Board of Directors, following its renewal on 29 April 2020, proceeded to redefine the composition of the afore-mentioned committees at its meeting of 13 May 2020.

Concerning the committees envisaged by the regulations, see the specific paragraph of “Section 4.6” that relates to the Executive Committee, and “Section 10” below with reference to the Related Parties Committee.

Moreover, in order to provide the individual committees with specific internal regulations aimed at defining their operating rules, recording and management of the information provided to the Board of Directors, the latter has approved their contents.

It was decided to maintain the Appointments Committee's functions within the Board of Directors, under the coordination of the Chairman.

Additional committees (other than those required by regulations or recommended by the Code)

Ethics and Sustainability Committee

During its meeting of 12 September 2007, the Board of Directors of Hera S.p.A. established the text of the mission and values and working principles of the Group, and consequently approved the updated version of the Code of Ethics that constitutes a social responsibility tool for the Company in implementing ethical principles inspired by good practices and aimed at the pursuit of the Company's mission.

Therefore, in implementing the aforementioned code, the Board of Directors, in its 8 October 2007 meeting, set up a special Committee made up of three members, at least one of whom is a director of the Company, and two experts on matters of social responsibility and the issues addressed by Legislative Decree 231/01, also highlighting that at least one member must be external.

Subsequently, in its 8 November 2018 meeting, the Hera Board of Directors, in compliance with the provisions of article 4 (Establishment and functioning of the internal committees of the Board of Directors) of the current Corporate Governance Code for listed companies of Borsa Italiana Spa, has deemed it appropriate to assign the Ethics Committee the functions of supervising the sustainability issues connected with exercising company activities and the dynamics of interaction with all stakeholders. It further decided to change the committee's name to the Ethics and Sustainability Committee and to expand its composition, raising the number of members from three to four, including two Directors of Hera Spa.

The Committee, last renewed on 13 May 2020, is therefore composed of two directors of Hera Spa in the persons of Federica Seganti, Chairman, and Alice Vatta, as well as Cristiana Rogate and an executive with expertise in social responsibility.

The committee is provided with specific regulations approved by the Board of Directors and last revised in 2020.

The Board of Directors of Hera Spa, in its 8 February 2023 meeting, resolved to once again update the code, adopting a sixth edition following a participatory process that involved the top management of Hera and Group employees through various corporate communication systems, including the Millennials as well as the Group's social partners.

Specifically, the updating process was based on:

• international guidelines in the area of human and labour rights and the field of sustainability, including in accordance with the requirements of the ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) questionnaires and to comply with the European Union Taxonomy;

• Just Transition and Corporate digital responsibility, with reference to ecological transition and digital transformation;

• reports received in the last three years to identify possible areas to be articulated in the Code of Ethics.

The Code, in its 6th edition, can be defined as “purpose - driven” in that purpose is referred to in all Chapters of the Code.

The Ethics and Sustainability Committee is responsible for monitoring the dissemination and implementation of the code of ethics, for supervising the sustainability aspects of the company's operations and, in accordance with Recommendation 1 of the Code, for supporting the Board in analysing issues that are relevant to the generation of long-term value. In particular, it receives reports of violations of the code and assesses whether or not to initiate proceedings, monitors the implementation of sustainability policies, formulates, at the request of the Board of Directors, opinions about specific sustainability issues, examines corporate procedures on social and environmental issues and, on a preventive basis, reviews the sustainability report to be submitted to the Board of Directors.

Since 2008, when the code of ethics went into effect, a special confidential, direct channel has been activated between the Committee and any stakeholders interested in reporting any conduct in violation of the code and values promoted by the Group.

The Ethics and Sustainability Committee met 8 times in 2022; 6 sessions were attended by all the members, while two sessions were attended by almost all the members. The average duration of the meetings of the Committee was approximately one hour and 25 minutes.

Below are the attendance records of managers invited to attend the Ethics and Sustainability Committee meetings:

• the Development, Training, Organisation and Personnel Central Bodies Director attended one meeting;

• the Enterprise Risk Manager attended three meetings;

In the meetings held during the year, the Committee reviewed the reports received and the resulting investigations carried out, drafted the 2022 annual report to Hera's Board of Directors, previewed the 2021 Sustainability Report, defined the plan for updating the Code of Ethics with periodic reporting on the progress of this work, approved the Committee's semi-annual report, defined the training and awareness-raising plan for the Code of Ethics, met with the Supervisory Body, managed sustainability activities such as the thematic sustainability reports “Energie per il clima”, “In buone acque”, “Sulle tracce dei rifiuti 2022” and “Costruire insieme il futuro”, and the 2022 Sustainability Report project. During the various meetings, in addition to the above topics, the Committee also reflected on the sustainability issues to be monitored, with a focus on the EU Taxonomy, green financing framework, and green bonds; in addition, during a dedicated meeting, the Committee was provided with a briefing on sustainability risk management and Hera's 2030 KPI benchmark was assessed.

Regarding the current financial year, two meetings of the Ethics and Sustainability Committee have been held as of 21 March 2023, attended by all members. An additional committee meeting had been scheduled as of that date, and further meetings will be scheduled thereafter.

Directors' self-assessment and succession

In application of the provisions of Principle XIV of the Code, the Board of Directors periodically assesses the effectiveness of its activities and the contribution made by its individual members through formalised procedures the implementation of which it supervises.

More specifically, in line with Recommendation 22 of the Code, the Board of Directors carries out an annual self-assessment of the size, composition and functioning of the Board itself and its committees, with the support of an independent external advisor who is an expert in governance issues and advising management bodies, also taking into account the role the Board has played in defining strategies and monitoring management performance and the effectiveness of the internal audit and risk management system, as set out in Recommendation 21 of the Code.

This assessment was carried out in 2023 with the support of Corsi & Partners and Mercer Italia, in a Temporary Regrouping of Companies (RTI); lastly, the assessment was presented and discussed during the meeting of the Board of Directors on 21 March 2023.

As part of the self-assessment activity, the directors:

• expressed appreciation for the work done during the three-year term of office, despite the fact that this three-year term coincided with a “turbulent” period resulting from the pandemic, the conflict in Ukraine, the very sharp increase in commodity prices, impacts on the country's energy system, tariff increases, and the turnover of the CEO and the Central Director of Administration, Finance and Control; the Board was able to monitor impacts on the Company thanks to the work of very capable and dedicated top management, who continuously informed and interacted with the Board;

• gave a positive assessment of the size, composition and mode of operation of Hera Spa's Board of Directors and Committees for the 2022 financial year: in particular, the overall situation is confirmed as very positive.

The consulting firm's methodology focuses on board roles and composition, decision-making, instructional and operational processes, time management and dynamics, and communication. The focus is on the effectiveness of the Board and the Committees in performing their corporate policy and control functions.

This proposed methodology aims to grant continuity over time to the activities carried out in past years and is based on the following tools:

1. structured interviews with the members and Chairman of the Board of Statutory Auditors focused on the main areas of interest (size, composition, functioning) of the Board and Committees;

The interviews are based on a questionnaire, which is sent to directors prior to meetings with consultants Corsi & Partners Srl and Mercer Italia Srl and filled out by them online. This questionnaire covers issues of corporate governance, the functioning of the Board and its Committees, the composition of the Board and its Committees, the exercise of policy and control powers, and the policies adopted to promote dialogue with shareholders and stakeholders.

Each question requires both a quantitative assessment and a qualitative comment on the topic under examination. The directors express the degree to which they agree with the statements contained in the questionnaire, using an internationally recognized scale.

All the analyses and comments are processed in an absolutely anonymous and confidential manner.

2. examination of the corporate documentation (minutes of the Board meetings, the Executive Committee meetings, and the internal Board Committee meetings) and verification of the effectiveness of the actions taken during the last year, to follow up on the comments the Directors expressed during the previous self-assessment;

Hera's corporate documentation is analysed in order to understand the ways in which directors interact, the actions taken, the issues discussed and their frequency on the agenda.

Interviews with the Directors revealed a very high level of overall appreciation: the percentage of responses expressing agreement with the topics suggested in the questionnaire amounted to 88%.

In particular, the areas the Directors displayed the most agreement in assessing positively include:

• Instructional and operational processes;

• Decision-making processes;

The score given to these areas, based on consultants' experience, is higher than that normally found in other boards' self-assessments.

Specifically, the Directors appreciated:

• the leadership and experience the Chairman brings to the task of managing the Board's work, effectively organising the Board's activities and guiding the analysis of the various issues on the agenda;

• the commitment displayed by the CEO, in office since May 2022, to further his understanding of the business, as well as the relationship he has built with the Chairman and management;

• the role, size, and composition of the Committees;

• the activities carried out by the lead independent director in coordinating and organising the work of the independent directors;

• the activity of strategic steering performed by the Board of Directors and the planning process adopted by the Company;

• the perceived high level of attention granted to sustainability issues and the integration of related aspects into the business plan, risk management system and remuneration policies;

• risk management (including of risks related to cyber security), the internal control system, and the effectiveness of the Company's organisational, administrative and accounting structure;

• the monitoring of the Company's and subsidiaries' performance carried out systematically by the Group's management, with effective and appropriate periodic reporting;

• the pre-council briefing, which was considered to be well structured, clear, comprehensible and made available to directors on time; the quality of meeting minutes;

• the quality of induction sessions;

• The management of the Company, which appears cohesive and shows a deep understanding of the business;

• the sound business processes and the Company which, as a whole, is well managed.

In view of the manner in which the directors were appointed, the expression of the main shareholders and the evaluations attributable to them, the Board of Directors considered its size to be essentially appropriate.

Regarding the composition of the board, which is based on a diverse mix of professional backgrounds, the directors noted that knowledge of the business and the Company has gradually increased over the term of office.

Of the proposals that were identified as part of the Directors' assessments, the following are of note:

• to improve the individual contribution of directors to the Board's work as well as their participation in discussions, avoiding, as much as possible, attendance of meetings via online channels;

• to encourage the Board of Directors to periodically focus on the issue of directors' independence;

• to consider refining the role of the Executive Committee so as to enhance its contribution to the work of the Board;

• to organise additional induction sessions to fine-tune knowledge on business-related and other topics such as (i) technological innovation and its impact on the business of the Company and the Group; (ii) risks (market, rates, reputational, operational) (iii) organisational structure, Group structure, the operations of subsidiaries; (iv) strategy; (v) industry regulations and related developments; (vi) internal control; (vii) ESG; and (viii) specific investments and/or acquisitions;

• to strengthen, in preparation for the renewal of the board, the following skills: business knowledge (energy, waste management, water), Risk Management, Digital Transformation and Cyber Security; Legal and Corporate;

• to continue the periodic updating of the Board of Directors regarding dialogue with the majority of shareholders and the resulting feedback received.

Appointments Committee

It should be noted, as already mentioned in “Section 6,” that it has been decided as early as 2020 to keep the functions of the Nominations Committee under the coordination of the Chairman, also in view of the fact that appointments of the members of the Board of Directors are carried out by shareholders through list voting at the Shareholders' meeting.

Adequate space shall be devoted in Board of Directors meetings to the performance of the functions typical of this Committee, subject to successful verification that at least half of the members of the Board of Directors can be considered independent directors.

It should also be noted that, in case of early termination of the executive directors' mandate, the procedure will be carried out in compliance with the provisions of the Articles of Association and the Shareholders' Agreement: the Chairman's functions, as legal representative, are immediately taken over by the Vice Chairman; the Board of Directors will have the power to co-opt new directors to replace those who have ceased to hold office and will deliberate the allocation of proxies. The first Shareholders' meeting held shall carry out the subsequent integration of the Board of Directors. With regard to the management of Tier I senior management, the Chairman, in consultation with the Chief Executive Officer, shall submit to the Board of Directors a substantiated proposal for appointment/replacement.

Directors' remuneration

For all information concerning the remuneration policy, the remuneration of executive directors and top management, the remuneration of non-executive directors, the accrual and payment of remuneration and the indemnity of directors in the event of resignation, dismissal or termination following a takeover bid, please refer to the Report on the remuneration policy and the remuneration paid.

Remuneration Committee

Composition and functioning of the Remuneration Committee (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 2, letter d) of the TUF)

The Remuneration Committee, which was set up for the first time at the Board of Directors metting held on 4 November 2002 and whose composition was last renewed on 13 May 2020, is chaired by the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors, Gabriele Giacobazzi, and by three further members: Monica Mondardini, Fabio Bacchilega and Alice Vatta.

The work of the Remuneration Committee is coordinated by the Vice-Chairman, who also informs the Board of Directors about the activities carried out. This committee met three times in 2021: two meetings were attended by all Committee members, while one meeting was attended by almost all members. The average length of the meetings of the Committee, duly reported in the minutes, was approximately one hour and thirty minutes.

Below are the attendance records of managers invited to attend Remuneration Committee meetings:

• the Central Director of Personnel and Organisation attended three meetings;

• the Development, Training, Organisation and Personnel Central Bodies Director attended one meeting;

• the Shared Value and Sustainability Director attended two meetings;

Regarding the current financial year, as of 21 March 2023, a total of one Remuneration Committee meeting had been held, attended by almost all the members.  As of that date, one additional meeting of the Remuneration Committee had been scheduled.

During the various meetings of the Committee in 2022, it addressed topics related to the BSC system and executive welfare plan, executive management retention, the 2021 drawing up of a final statement about 2021 short-term variable compensation (corporate objectives component), the 2021 drawing up of a final statement about the 2021 welfare plan, the 2021 drawing up of a final statement about the long-term management incentive plan for the 2019 - 2021 three year period, the 2022 compensation guidelines and policies for directors and executives, the 2021 drawing up of a final statement about the top management variable remuneration cards, the positioning of the Company with respect to the “General Market of Business Directors 2021,” the remuneration benchmarks of top management positions of comparable multi-utility companies, as well as the determination of the remuneration to be awarded to Hera's new CEO and a consideration of adjusting the remuneration for the Executive Chairman. Finally, it should be noted that, as proposed by the Committee, with the renewal of the Board of Directors that took place in 2017, a claw-back clause was introduced that provides for ex post correction mechanisms in the remuneration system for executive directors, as well as a clause which, in the event of resignation, dismissal or termination of the latter, establishes an indemnity in the amount of 18 monthly salaries.

Moreover, in compliance with the provisions of Recommendation 26, the Remuneration Committee, entirely made up of non-executive directors and chaired by the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors, includes at least one member with adequate knowledge and experience in financial matters or remuneration policies, as determined by the Board of Directors upon appointment.

The Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Group CEO and representatives of company departments potentially involved may participate in the Committee's activities following an explicit invitation by the Chairman of the Committee.

For additional information, please refer to the Report on remuneration policies and compensation paid pursuant to Article 123-ter of the TUF.

Functions of the Remuneration Committee

In application of Recommendation 25 of the Code and also based on the provisions of the related Regulation, approved by the Board of Directors on 23 February 2022, the Remuneration Committee has the task of assisting the administrative body with investigative, advisory and propositional functions.

In particular, the Committee is tasked with:

• supporting the Board of Directors in drawing up the remuneration policy, defined taking into account the remuneration practices widespread in these sectors and for companies of a similar size, as well as the pursuit of the Company's sustainable success;

• submitting proposals to the Board of Directors or expressing opinions regarding:

• the remuneration of executive Directors and, having heard the opinion of the Board of Statutory Auditors pursuant to art. 2389 of the Italian Civil Code, that of other Directors who hold specific offices;

• setting the performance targets associated with the variable component of the remuneration of Directors with mandates;

• monitoring the concrete application of the remuneration policy and the decisions adopted by the Board of Directors regarding remuneration and verifying, in particular, the effective achievement of performance objectives;

• periodically assessing the adequacy and overall consistency of the policy for the remuneration of Directors and top management, in so doing making use of the information provided by the Chairman or the Director with executive powers, and reporting periodically to the Board of Directors.

In the performance of its functions, the Committee has access to the information and business functions necessary for carrying out its duties.

For additional information, please refer to the Report on remuneration policies and compensation paid pursuant to Article 123-ter of the TUF.

The Internal Control and Risk Management System is integrated into the broader organizational and corporate governance structures adopted by Hera and duly considers the recommendations of the Corporate Governance Code, reference models and best practices at national and international levels.

Risk corporate governance at Hera

In compliance with Principle XVIII of the Code, Hera has adopted an organizational structure designed for optimal management of any risk exposure arising from its business, delineating an integrated approach aimed at maintaining management effectiveness and profitability across the entire value chain.

In application of Principle XIX and Recommendation 33, the corporate governance system for risk management (Enterprise risk management), defines the rules, structures and organizational procedures designed to effectively and efficiently identify, measure, manage and monitor the main risks, in order to contribute to Hera's sustainable success, in keeping with its corporate strategies.

For a more detailed description, please refer to the Management Report.

The Risks Committee

The Risks Committee, first established in 2011, is composed of the Executive Chairman, the Vice Chairman and the CEO of Hera Spa, the Central Director of Administration, Finance and Control, the Market Central Director and the Enterprise risk manager. Furthermore, in relation to specific pertaining issues, the Central Director of Legal and Corporate Affairs, the Central Director of Corporate Services, the Central Director of Innovation and the CEO of Hera Trading Srl are also expected to attend.

The significant risks dealt with by the Risks Committee comprise the following areas: strategic, economic, financial, regulatory, competitive, technological, environmental and related to human capital.

In 2022, the Risks Committee met four times and provided information on risk management to the Board of Directors in the meetings of 23 February and 27 July 2022.

The Group's risk management structure

In the overall design of the risk management process, Hera has adopted a structured approach that mirrors industry best practices, through the introduction of Enterprise risk management (ERM). This stance is aimed at formulating a systematic and coherent approach to the control and management of risks and creating an effective model of direction, monitoring and representation so as to ensure management processes are appropriate and consistent with the objectives set by top management.

For a more detailed description of the fundamental elements of the risk management framework, please refer to the Management Report.

On 20 January 2016, the first ERM report was presented to the Board of Directors with a mapping of the Group's risks, accompanied by the appropriate assessment measures for each individual and consolidated risk (impact, probability, severity, control levels). At that time, the Board of Directors approved the Hera Group risk management policy Guidelines and risk limits for 2016.

On 15 February 2017, the second ERM report was presented to the Board of Directors that extended the perimeter of reference and the set and tyles of risks subject to control. On the same occasion, the limits for 2017 and updating of the Hera Group risk management policy Guidelines were approved.

On 27 September 2017, information was presented to the Board of Directors regarding risk management activities within the Group.

In particular, the following pertinent issues were addressed:

• the lines of defence against risks and the structure of governance;

• Compliance with Law 262/2005 and compliance with Legislative Decree 231/2001, clarifying the role of the Financial Reporting Manager and the Supervisory Body in their respective reports to the Board of Directors;

• risk management governance, clarifying the role of the Risk Committee, in particular in conveying information flows to the Board of Directors, the Board of Statutory Auditors, and the Control and Risk Committee and Internal Auditing, and the governance system implemented through the adoption of the ERM with its assignment of the role of strategic direction to the Board of Directors, which is responsible for deciding on the Group's risk profile and approving the Hera Group risk management policy guidelines.

The ERM report has been presented to the Board in subsequent years as well.

On 10 January 2020, the fifth ERM report was presented to the Board of Directors with an expansion of the reference perimeter and the set of risks subject to control and backtesting of the risks relating to the previous ERM analysis. The risk limits for the year 2020 were also approved, as was the update of the Hera Group risk management policy guidelines. On 25 March 2020, the group's crisis management model, the activities carried out and the planned development plan were presented to the Board of Directors.

On 13 January 2021 the sixth ERM report was presented to the Board of Directors; in addition to the previous edition, this report introduced a risk analysis of the Covid-19 pandemic and carried out a comparative analysis of the Group's risks with respect to the proposed reference model of the World Economic Forum's 2020 Global Risk Report, highlighting similarities and specific features.

On 26 January 2022 the seventh ERM report was presented to the Board of Directors, which, in addition to the previous edition, introduced additional time-based parameters for representing risks and mapping them onto the strategic areas of the Business Plan.

The risk management and internal control system in relation to the financial information process

Introduction

The internal control and risk management system specific to financial reporting (SCIIF) is designed to ensure the reliability, accuracy, soundness and timeliness of company information on financial statements and the ability of the relevant business processes to produce such information in accordance with the Group's accounting principles.

Reporting consists of all the financial and non-financial data and information contained in the periodic accounting documents required by law, as well as in any other act or communication to the outside world having accounting content, which are the subject of the attestations provided for in Article 154-bis of the TUF.

The SCIIF model adopted by the Hera Group has been defined in accordance with the provisions of Article 154-bis of the TUF and is methodologically based on the Coso Framework (Internal Control Integrated Framework) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, an international reference model for establishing, updating, analysing and evaluating internal control systems.

Description of the primary features of the internal control and risk management system in relation to the financial information process

As part of the internal control and risk management system pertaining to the financial information process, the Appointed Manager has set up an administrative and financial control Model - Regulation of the Appointed Manager for drafting corporate financial documents (hereafter also “The Model”) approved by the Hera spa Board of Directors, outlining the adopted methodology and associated roles and responsibilities in relation to defining, implementing, monitoring and updating the financial-administrative procedural system over time and in assessing its adequacy and effectiveness.

The design, institution and maintenance of the SCIIF are assured through the following activities:

Step 1: Risk Assessment

represents the process of identifying and/or updating the risks connected to the financial statement (risks of unintentional errors or fraud) that might have an effect on the financial statement, and is carried out under the supervision of the Appointed Manager, at least on an annual basis.

This process identifies the set of objectives that the system is intended to achieve in order to ensure a truthful and fair representation of this reporting. Risk Assessments, carried out according to a top-down approach, concentrates on those areas of the financial statement wherein potential effects on financial information have been located in relation to the failure to achieve these control objectives.

As part of the process of Risk Assessment, the following tasks are carried out:

• identifying and/or updating the Group companies considered relevant in view of the proper functioning of the Group's control system for corporate reporting;

• verifying and/or updating the list of corporate processes that have been identified as relevant in view of the proper functioning of the Group's financial and administrative control system;

• reviewing the overall adequacy of the current financial and administrative control model.

The process for determining the scope of the Companies and relevant processes in terms of their potential impact on the financial statement is aimed at identifying the Subsidiary Companies, the accounts and processes associated with them, and any other financial information considered to be relevant. The evaluations are carried out using both quantitative standards and qualitative parameters.

Step 2: Identifying controls and updates for the financial-administrative procedures

An identification of the necessary checks for mitigating the risks that were identified in the previous step is carried out taking into consideration the control objectives associated with the financial statement.

Based on the above, Hera Spa has established an internal control system under which the directors of corporate departments periodically verify the design and operating effectiveness of control activities, each for the areas under his or her jurisdiction.

The results of periodical updates applied to procedures and associated controls are communicated to the Appointed Manager by the directors of corporate departments. The directors of corporate departments provide for updating/modifying the financial-administrative procedures in relation to the areas under their managerial responsibility on a regular basis.

Step 3: Periodic evaluation of financial-administrative procedures and the controls they contain

The identified controls are periodically assessed in terms of their adequacy and actual effectiveness through specific testing activities according to the best practices established for the area in question.

In the course of these activities, the Appointed Manager evaluates at each given time what degree of involvement, of the directors of corporate departments and of contact persons within the Subsidiary Companies, is necessary for carrying out assessment activities.

On a bi-annual basis, the Hera Spa Appointed Manager and CEO receive specific internal statements from Hera Group subsidiary companies and relevant connected companies in reference to the completeness and reliability of information flows for the purposes of financial reporting.

On a bi-annual basis, the Appointed Manager defines a series of reports synthesizing the results of the assessments of controls in relation to the risks previously identified on the basis of the outcomes of the monitoring activities performed.

After having been shared with the CEO, the prepared Executive Summary is communicated to Hera Spa's Board of Statutory Auditors, the Controls and Risks Committee and the Board of Directors.

Roles and functions involved

The internal control and risk management system concerning financial reporting (SCIIF) is governed by the Appointed Manager in charge of drafting corporate financial documents who, in agreement with the CEO, is responsible for planning, implementing, monitoring, and updating the financial and administrative control Model over time.

In performing his or her activities, the Appointed Manager:

• is supported by a specific function called Compliance 262, part of the staff of the Administration, Finance and Control Group Director, established by SO no. 49 of 30 October 2013 and with effect from 1 November 2013;

• is supported by the directors of corporate departments who, within their areas of responsibility, ensure the completeness and reliability of information flows directed toward the Appointed Manager for the purposes of preparing the financial reporting documents;

• coordinates the activities of the Administrative Managers of the relevant subsidiaries who are tasked with implementing, within their companies, and together with the delegated bodies, an adequate financial control system to safeguard the administrative-financial processes;

• initiates a reciprocal information exchange with the Controls and Risks Committee and the Board of Directors, communicating about the activities performed and the adequacy of the financial and administrative control system.

Lastly, the Board of Statutory Auditors and Supervisory Board are informed about the adequacy and reliability of the financial-administrative system.

Tax Risk Internal Control and Management System

The “Hera Spa Tax Strategy” approved by Hera's Board of Directors on 27 July 2022 as part of the implementation of procedures and safeguards for the management and control of tax risk (referred to as the Tax Control Framework (TCF)), defines the lines of behaviour that Hera intends to pursue in order to achieve and maintain the following objectives:

• the lasting growth of corporate assets and protection of Hera Group's reputation and shareholders' interests;

• The accurate and timely determination and settlement of taxes due by law and the performance of related duties;

• the containment of tax risk, understood as the risk of engaging in tax code violations or abuse of the principles and purposes of the tax system.

The adoption of a clear and documented tax strategy is, among other things, one of the requirements for gaining admission to the cooperative tax compliance regime (“cooperative compliance”) established by Legislative Decree 5 August 2015, no. 128 which fosters forms of communication and cooperation between the tax authorities and taxpayers. This regime is dedicated to taxpayers who meet the eligibility requirements of the regulations and are equipped with a system for the detection, measurement, management and control of tax risk (TCF), understood as the risk of operating in violation of tax regulations or contrary to the principles or purposes of the tax system.

The main benefits guaranteed by the law, in return for the implementation of this system aimed at establishing a relationship of trust between administration and taxpayer in order to increase the level of certainty on relevant tax issues, are as follows:

• single point of contact and certainty about tax positions; an early and ongoing dialogue with Inland Revenue provides an opportunity to manage uncertain situations and lends itself to early resolution of tax disputes;

• reputational advantages in that admittance to the collaborative compliance regime results in inclusion in the list of “virtuous” companies, published on the website of the Inland Revenue Office;

• penalties reduced by 50% in case of any disputes.

The objective is pursued through constant and preventive dialogue between the taxpayer and the tax authorities on the most significant transactions, characterised by tax risks, by reaching an agreement on the positions to be taken.

The process of Hera's joining the collaborative compliance regime was initiated during 2022 and resulted in the submission of the application to the Inland Revenue Office on 30 December 2022. This process is a key step in the accountability pathway, representing Hera and the Group as an entity that maintains a collaborative and transparent relationship with the Tax Authority, perfectly in line with the values expressed in the Group's Code of Ethics.

The Administration, Finance and Control Central Director is responsible for setting up the Tax Control Framework and evaluating it on an annual basis. The outcomes of this evaluation and the main issues surrounding the effective implementation of the Tax Strategy are reported in the annual report sent to the Control and Risks Committee, which reports its findings to the Board of Directors and the Board of Statutory Auditors. The Tax department works closely with the business lines to ensure that possible tax risks are identified and properly managed. Fiscal impacts of one-time transactions are analysed and approved by the appropriate organizational actors.

The implementation of the Tax Control Framework (TCF) will be progressively extended to other Group companies that meet the size requirements and are considered relevant from a risk-based perspective.

Director in charge of the internal control and risk management system

Most recently with the resolution of 29 April 2020, the Hera Spa Board of Directors has established that, within the scope and limits of the respective delegations and reporting lines of the various corporate structures, the Chairman and CEO are charged, as far as their authority permits, with establishing and maintaining the Internal Control and Risk Management Systems.

Pursuant to Recommendation 34 of the Code, the Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, in this case as well as far as their authority permits:

• ensure that the Risk Committee identifies the main business risks, taking account of the characteristics of the activities carried out by the Company and its subsidiaries, and periodically present those risks for examination by the Board of Directors,

• implement the guidelines defined by the Board of Directors, ensuring that the responsible business structures design, create and manage the Internal Control and Risk Management Systems, constantly checking their appropriateness, effectiveness and efficiency,

The corporate heads may request that the Internal Auditing Manager carry out operations concerning risk assessment on specific operational areas and compliance with internal rules and procedures in carrying out corporate operations.

Controls and Risks Committee

Composition and functioning of the Controls and Risks Committee (pursuant to Article 123-bis, paragraph 2, letter d) of the TUF)

As established by the Code, the Board of Directors, at its meeting of 4 November 2002, passed a resolution to establish the Internal Controls Committee: Subsequently, during the course of the Company's Board of Directors meeting that took place 17 December 2012, in application of updates to the Code of Self-Discipline, the Internal Control Committee took on the additional function of Risk Management Committee in order to manage the Company's risks and support the administrative body in associated assessments and decisions.

This Committee, whose composition was renewed on 13 May 2020, is made up of independent director Gabriele Giacobazzi as Chairman, Erwin Paul Walter Rauhe, Lorenzo Minganti and Paola Gina Maria Schwizer.

On the occasion of the latest renewal of the Committee, the Board of Directors confirmed that principle 7.P.4 of the Corporate Governance Code in force at the time had been complied with.

In compliance with Recommendation 35 of the Code, the Controls and Risks Committee is chaired by an independent director and composed exclusively of independent non-executive directors.

The Controls and Risks Committee met seven times in 2022; six sessions were attended by all the members, while one session was attended by almost all the members. The average length of the meetings of the Internal Controls Committee, duly recorded in the minutes, was approximately one hour and 20 minutes.

It should be noted that the Director of Internal Auditing attended all meetings of the Controls and Risks Committee.

Regarding the current financial year, two meetings of the Controls and Risks Committee have been held as of 21 March 2023, all of them attended by all members. As of that date, an additional six meetings of the Committee had been planned for the remainder of the year.

Functions assigned to the Controls and Risks Committee

In compliance with Recommendations 33 and 35 of the Code, the Control and Risk Committee has the task of supporting, through adequate preliminary activities, the decisions and assessments made by the Board of Directors concerning the internal audit and risk management system.

In carrying out its supportive role in relation to the Board of Directors, the Committee therefore expresses its judgment concerning:

1. the definition of the guidelines of the internal control and risk management system in such a way that the primary risks faced by HERA and its subsidiaries are identified correctly and properly measured, managed and monitored, determining moreover the compatibility criteria of such risks with healthy and proper corporate management;

2. b) at least on a bi-annual basis, the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control and risk management system in relation to the characteristics of the enterprise and the risk profile it has assumed;

3. at least on an annual basis, the work plan drafted by the Supervisor of the Internal Auditing Structure in consultation with the Board of Statutory Auditors and the Directors in charge of the internal control and risk management system.

4. In addition, in order to aid the Board of Directors, the Committee specifically:

5. after consulting the Manager in charge of drawing up the corporate accounting documents, the Independent Auditors and the Board of Statutory Auditors, assesses the correct use of the accounting standards and their uniformity for the purpose of preparing the consolidated financial statements;

6. examines the content of periodical financial and non-financial information and assesses its effectiveness in providing a fair representation of Hera's business model, strategies, the impact of its activities and the performance it pursues;

7. expresses opinions regarding specific aspects involved in identifying the main corporate risks and supports the Board's assessment and decision-making processes in relation to the management of risks deriving from prejudicial circumstances of which it has become aware;

8. analyses periodic reports concerning the assessment of the internal control and risk management system as well as those drafted on at least a bi-annual basis by the Supervisor of the Internal Auditing Structure;

9. communicates to the Board of Directors its preventative judgment regarding the proposals developed by the Directors in charge of the internal control and risk management system in relation to measures regarding the appointment and dismissal of the Supervisor of the Internal Auditing Structure, allotting this figure adequate resources for the completion of his or her responsibilities as well as establishing appropriate remuneration in keeping with corporate policies;

10. monitors the autonomy, effectiveness and efficiency of the Internal Auditing Structure;

11. evaluates the findings of the Internal Auditing Structure Supervisor's reports, of statements from the Board of Statutory Auditors and each of its individual members, of reports and any possible management letters from Independent Auditors, and of surveys and investigations carried out by other committees of the company and third parties;

12. may ask the Internal Auditing Structure to perform checks on specific operational areas, contextually communicating the results to the president of the Board of Statutory Auditors;

13. communicates to the Board of Directors about the activities performed by and the adequacy of the internal control and risk management system at least on the occasion of the annual and bi-annual approval of the financial statement.

During the course of the meetings held during the 2022 financial year, duly recorded in the minutes, the following measures were carried out:

• examining and approving periodic reports;

• updating ongoing and completed audits;

• drafting the 2023 Audit Plan and 2023 Budget of the Department of Internal Auditing;

• exchanging information with ERM.

The Chairman of the Board of Statutory Auditors or another Statutory Auditor designated by the Chairman and, at the express invitation of the Chairman of the Committee, the Chairman of the Board of Directors and the Group CEO, attend the Committee's meetings.

In the performance of its functions, the Controls and Risks Committee had access to the information and business functions necessary for carrying out its duties.

In relation to the 2022 financial year, and following the quarterly reports released by the Controls and Risks Committee, the Board of Directors has approved the adequacy and efficacy of the internal control and risk management system, including in terms of pursuing sustainable success, in relation to the features of the company and the type of risk profile it has undertaken, also considering its subsidiaries with strategic importance.

Internal auditing department manager

In compliance with Recommendation 33, on 20 December 2017 the Board of Directors appointed the Internal Auditing Director, effective 1 January 2018.

In compliance with Recommendation 36 of the Code, the head of the Internal Auditing Department is hierarchically independent of the heads of operational divisions, may have direct access to all information necessary for the performance of his or her duties, and reports to the Vice Chairman.

The Internal Auditing Department reports on its activities, whenever it deems it necessary, to the Chief Executive Officer, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Controls and Risks Committee and the Board of Statutory Auditors by preparing a suitable risk assessment and three-year audit plan:

• provides a synthetic and comparative assessment of the primary risk areas and associated control systems, performing updates through the meetings that take place with management;

• according to the varying level of risk of corporate processes, prioritizes the duties of the Internal Auditing department.

Organisational model pursuant to Legislative Decree no. 231/2001

Legislative Decree 231/2001 introduced into Italian legislation the administrative responsibility of legal entities, companies and associations. In particular, the law introduced the criminal liability of entities for certain offences committed in the interest or to the advantage of those entities by persons fulfilling roles of representation, administration or management of the entity or of one of its organisational units with financial and operational independence, or by persons who exercise management and control thereof, including on a de facto basis, and lastly, by persons subject to the direction or supervision of one of the above-mentioned parties. Significant offences are those committed against Public Administration and corporate offences committed in the interest of the companies.

However, Articles 6 and 7 of Legislative Decree no. 231/2001 provide for a form of exoneration from liability where (i) the entity proves that it adopted and efficiently implemented, prior to the commission of the act, appropriate organisational, management and control models for preventing the perpetration of the offences considered by the said decree; and (ii) the duty of supervising the functioning of and compliance with the models, as well as providing for their updating, is entrusted to a body of the entity that is vested with autonomous powers of initiative and control.

To this end, on 16 February 2004, the Board of Directors of Hera Spa approved and subsequently updated the organizational model, also in the light of the provisions introduced by Legislative Decree no.  231/2001, with the aim of creating a structured and organic system of control procedures and activities to prevent commission of the offences referred to in the aforementioned decree, by identifying the activities exposed to a risk of offence and implementing suitable procedures for those activities.

The aspects being updated, in line with developments in legislation and jurisprudence, concerned in particular:

• the list of 231 offences including the most recently introduced ones, brought into line with the list set out in Legislative Decree no. 231/2001;

• the enhancement of references to the Hera Group's Code of Ethics, now in its sixth edition, approved by the Board of Directors on 8 March 2023, which is a fundamental pillar of the Model for the purposes of preventing offences;

• the insertion of references to the Model for preventing corruption and regulating the procedures for reporting offences ( whistleblowing), already covered by specific protocols;

The updating of the General Section of the Organisational, Management and Control Model, aimed at incorporating regulatory updates in a continuation of the previous revision of the document, is therefore designed to consolidate and further strengthen the Model's effectiveness in preventing offences and exempting the Company from liability.

The Group is sensitive to the need to ensure conditions of fairness and transparency in conducting business and corporate activities, to guarantee that the needs of the community are met and to protect the Group' s position and image, the expectations of its shareholders and the work of its employees. Moreover, the Group is aware of the importance of an internal control system capable of preventing unlawful conduct by its Directors, employees, external collaborators and business partners in general.

The Model has been adopted in the conviction that - beyond the provisions of Decree 231, which identify it as an optional and not compulsory tool - it constitutes a valid instrument for raising the awareness of all those who work in the name of and on behalf of the Group companies, so that they behave in a correct and straightforward manner in performing their activities, thereby avoiding the risk of committing the crimes envisaged by the Decree.

At present, the organisational, management and control model pursuant to Legislative Decree no. 231/2001, available on the website www.gruppohera.it under the “Governance/Internal-Auditing section”, includes 27 protocols, implemented over time and relating to individual sensitive areas, which aim to ensure transparency and a sense of responsibility in internal relations and with the outside world.

For each process at risk, the protocols identify principles, roles and responsibilities to be followed in managing the activities and define the periodic information flows used to control them.

Each protocol ensures that the Supervisory Body engages in constant monitoring of activities at risk.

The procedures adopted incorporate the principles of the code of ethics in order to guide Group management according to the values and operating principles defined in the Charter of Values.

Risk factors and critical issues were identified and weighed through risk assessments carried out on the Group's business areas and infrastructure processes. The specific risks inherent in these 231 areas are defined by the Supervisory Body in an annual auditing plan that takes into account risk assessments, the coverage of new processes, regulatory developments and the extension of the scope of activities of Group companies.

The model involves establishing an ongoing legal compliance check, drafting the Audit Report on the effective implementation of the protocols in Group companies falling within the 231 perimeter, providing assistance with drafting re-entry plans in adopting the recommendations outlined in the report, and carrying out specific follow-ups to verify that re-entry plans have been implemented and the critical points highlighted have actually been resolved.

The model entails an informative and training component that targets the subjects involved in sensitive processes in order to raise awareness about prohibited and mandatory behaviours, create awareness of the related ethical behaviours and promote a Group culture for managing corporate risks.

An integral part of the model is the Supervisory Body's bi-annual examination of the information flows concerning activities at risk.

The risk analysis document with its related audit plan is drawn up for the whole Group every three years, the last of which refers to the period 2022-2024.

The organisational, management and control model pursuant to Legislative Decree no. 231/2001 has also been adopted by subsidiaries with strategic importance.

The Board of Directors has also instituted the Supervisory Body, approving its regulations:

This body, renewed most recently on 13 May 2020 and currently, in line with the provisions of Recommendation 33 letter e), made up of an external member with the role of Chairman, the Legal and Corporate Central Director of Hera Spa, and the Internal Auditing Director of Hera Spa, has the specific task of periodically reporting to the corporate bodies of the Parent Company regarding implementation of the organizational model pursuant to Legislative Decree 231/2001 and will remain in office until the date of the Shareholders' Meeting approving the financial statements as of 31 December 2022.

The Supervisory Body met on seven occasions in 2022 and all these meetings were attended by all the members. The average length of the meetings of the Supervisory Body was approximately one hour.

The Supervisory Body approved and updated the 231 protocols that make up the organizational model, examined the system of information flows that allow it to supervise the functioning and observance of the models and examined reports made following audits, as well as consulting legislative developments pursuant to Legislative Decree 231/2001 and planning additional activities.

The Supervisory Body draws on the operational support of the Internal Auditing Department of Hera Spa.

In order to carry out the checks and controls, the Supervisory Body drew up a schedule of measures for verifying compliance with the protocols adopted.

Regarding the current financial year, two meetings of the Supervisory Body were held as of 21 March 2023: all meetings were attended by all members. As of that date, an additional five meetings of the Committee had been planned for the remainder of the year.

Corruption prevention model

In the course of 2019, Hera Spa obtained the ISO 37001 certification for corruption prevention, the validity of which was confirmed by the Certifying Body following the maintenance audit carried out in July 2022. The Hera Group has consequently adopted a management system for corruption prevention that is integrated into the organization, management and control model pursuant to Legislative Decree 231/01, the foundations of which are rooted in the principles and values expressed in the code of ethics and in the quality and sustainability policy.

Along these lines, the Group has set up a model for corruption prevention which involves establishing a Compliance Department for the prevention of corruption that coincides with the Supervisory Body, to oversee the management system for preventing corruption.

The main responsibilities/functions of the Corruption Prevention Compliance Department are:

1. overseeing the design and implementation of the management system for the prevention of corruption;

2. providing advice and guidance to staff (defined as employees at all levels and subjects entrusted with positions of collaboration, including internships and traineeships) about the management system for preventing corruption and corruption issues;

3. ensuring that the management system for corruption prevention complies with the requirements of UNI ISO 37001;

4. duly reporting on the functioning of the management system for corruption prevention to the Board of Directors and top management.

Hera Group top management and management staff are personally committed to respecting the model for corruption prevention, including by carrying out awareness-raising and dissemination activities for the principles of the rules aimed at preventing corrupt acts in their own departments.

The corruption prevention model concerns everyone who works for the Hera Group.

With the December 2021 approval of the revision of the Organizational, Management and Control Model in accordance with Legislative Decree 231/2001, the Hera Group renewed its commitment to combating corruption and all offences relating to 231 and to preventing situations where there is a risk of such offences being committed.

A system is in operation for reporting crimes, misdemeanours, or alleged violations of Model 231 or the Corruption Prevention Model, known as whistleblowing, via a portal (reports.gruppohera.it) or written report, which allows anonymous submissions, in compliance with privacy regulations and current legislation.

Independent Auditors

The Hera Spa Shareholder's meeting of 23 April 2014 appointed Deloitte & Touche Spa to the role of independent auditor for the 2015-2023 financial years. 

In view of the end of Deloitte & Touche Spa's appointment, considering the size and complexity of the Hera Group, the Board of Statutory Auditors of Hera Spa deemed it appropriate to begin the procedure for selecting the new auditing firm for the 2024-2032 financial years one year in advance.

Appointment one year in advance is indeed a common practice among the main listed companies. On the one hand, it makes it possible to align the appointment of the new auditor with that of Group companies and, on the other hand, it allows the new auditors to organize their activities well in advance, thus acquiring greater knowledge of the Group.

 Upon completion of the tendering process for the above mentioned position, held under the supervision of the Board of Statutory Auditors - the responsible body under Article 13, paragraph 1, of Legislative Decree  39/2010 – the latter presented the relevant substantiated proposal to the Shareholders' Meeting of 28 April 2022, which resolved to appoint the auditing firm KPMG Spa to audit the accounts of Hera Spa with reference to the financial years 2024 to 2032.

Appointed Manager in charge of drafting corporate financial reports and other corporate roles and functions

In accordance with the provisions of the TUF and the Company's Articles of Association, the Board of Directors, after obtaining the opinion of the Board of Statutory Auditors, by resolution dated 27 July 2022 and effective as of 1 September 2022, to replace the resigning Luca Moroni,  appointed Massimo Vai as the Central Director of Administration, Finance and Control, as well as the Executive in charge of preparing the company's accounting documents, after verifying that he meets the professionalism requirements set forth in Article 29 of the Articles of Association, in compliance with the TUF.

The Appointed Manager is tasked with establishing adequate financial and administrative procedures for the creation of the financial statement and consolidated financial statement as well as any other financial communication. To this end, the Appointed Manager will have access to a dedicated budget approved by the Board of Directors and an adequate organizational structure (in terms of quantity and quality of resources) dedicated to the preparation/updating of financial-administrative procedures and periodical assessment activities concerning the suitability and actual application of financial-administrative rules and procedures. If the internal resources prove to be insufficient for the suitable management of these activities, the Appointed Manager is permitted to exercise the power of expenditure granted to him or her.

The Board of Directors verify that the Appointed Manager has access to adequate powers and means to carry out the tasks entrusted to him or her by Article 154-bis of the TUF, and also to monitor that financial and administrative procedures are being followed.

The Appointed Manager communicates and exchanges information with all the administrative and control bodies of the Company and of the Group's subsidiaries, including but not limited to:

• the Board of Directors;

• the Controls and Risks Committee;

• the Directors in charge of the internal control and risk management system;

• the Board of Statutory Auditors;

• The Independent Auditor;

• the Supervisory Body pursuant to Legislative Decree no. 231/01;

• the Internal Auditing Director;

• the Investor Relations Director.

Coordination among the subjects involved in the internal control and risk management system

The Issuer has established the following systematic coordination modes for the various subjects involved in the internal control and risk management system:

• periodic coordination meetings focused in particular on the process of drafting financial information and the activities of assessing, monitoring and containing (economic-financial, operational and compliance) risks;

• information flows among the subjects involved in the internal control and risk management system;

• periodic reports to the Board of Directors;

• establishment of a Risk Committee with the aim of outlining guidelines for monitoring and informing about risk management strategies.

In particular, the following types of coordination meeting are specified:

• the Board of Statutory Auditors with the Controls and Risks Committee, the Independent Auditor, the Appointed Manager in charge of drafting corporate financial reports, and the Internal Auditing Manager;

• the Board of Statutory Auditors with the Supervisory Board pursuant to Legislative Decree 231;

the Directors in charge of the internal control and risk management system with the Chairman of the Controls and Risks Committee.

At its meeting of 10 October 2006, the Board of Directors of Hera S.p.A. approved, in compliance with Articles 1 and 9 of the then-in force Corporate Governance Code, guidelines for significant transactions, transactions with related parties and transactions in which a director has an interest (Guidelines), in order to ensure that these transactions are conducted transparently and in conformity with the criteria of substantive and procedural correctness.

Subsequently, the Board of Directors of Hera S.p.A. approved the new procedure for transactions with Related Parties (Procedure) in compliance with the provisions of the Consob Regulation adopted by virtue of Resolution no. 17221 of 12 March 2010 and subsequent amendments and integrations thereto (“Consob Regulation”), later updated on 21 December 2015.

This new Procedure cancelled and completely replaced the rules on transactions with Related Parties contained in the Guidelines, but there is no change to the existing rules set out in the Guidelines concerning significant transactions and transactions in which a director has an interest.

In the Procedure, the Board of Directors fully adopted the definitions of Related Parties and Transactions with Related Parties, as well as all the directly associated definitions, contained in the Consob Regulation and its annexes.

The Procedure was last updated on 30 June 2021, in order to adapt it to the amendments - introduced by Consob resolution 21624 of 10 December 2020 - to the Consob Regulation on related party transactions adopted by resolution 17221 of 12 March 2010 and effective beginning 1 July 2021.

In particular, the Procedure identifies:

1) the types of transactions with related parties outlined in the Procedure:

• Transactions of Major Importance, that is, transactions in which at least one of the indices of importance determined by the Consob Regulation exceeds the threshold of 5%;

• Transactions of Minor Importance, that is transactions with Related Parties that are neither of Major Importance nor of Negligible Amount;

• framework resolutions, that is, that series of transactions with Related Parties;

• Ordinary Transactions, that is, transactions which (a) fall within the ordinary conduct of the company's operating activities or associated financial activities; and (b) are carried out under conditions: (i) similar to those normally applied to unrelated parties for transactions of a comparable nature, scale and risk, (ii) based on regularly applied tariffs or established prices, or (iii) comparable with those applied to parties with whom the company is legally obliged to deal for a determined amount;

• transactions of negligible amount, that is, transactions for which the maximum foreseeable amount of the consideration or of the value of the service does not exceed, for each transaction:

• the sum of 1 million euros in the event of transactions whose related party is a legal person;

• the sum of 300 million euros in the event of transactions whose related party is a natural person;

• Transactions with related parties carried out by subsidiaries;

2)  the approval process for transactions of major and minor importance, depending on whether they involve:

• transactions of minor importance falling within the competence of the Board of Directors, which are approved by the Board of Directors after hearing the reasoned but non-binding opinion of the Committee for transactions with related parties (hereinafter referred to as the Committee) regarding the interest, appropriateness and substantive correctness of the transaction;

• transactions of major importance falling with the competence of the Board of Directors, in which the Committee must be involved in the negotiation and investigation phases and in which the transaction may be approved following the receipt of a reasoned favourable opinion from the Committee regarding the interest, appropriateness and substantive correctness of the transaction, that is following a vote in favour by a majority of the independent directors;

• transactions of minor and major importance falling with the competence of the Shareholders' Meeting, for which the proposals must follow the same procedure as that for transactions falling with the competence of the Board of Directors, as described in the previous two points, and which must in any event receive a favourable opinion from the Committee.

The Procedure provides that the Committee charged with guaranteeing, by issuing specific opinions, the substantive correctness of dealings with Related Parties, must be in agreement with the control and risks committee.

The Procedure also identifies the cases to which the Procedure does not apply, as well as governing the procedures for communication with the public on the transactions carried out.

Beginning May 2014, a specific Operational Guideline was applied by Hera and its subsidiaries and subsequently updated on 21 May 2016, in order to detail the information reported in the Procedure and outline the rules, roles and responsibilities, as well as operational activities, implemented by the company.

Access to information

To enable shareholders to understand the Company more fully, the Company has established a suitable department dedicated to relations with investors, headed by and entrusted to  Jens Klint Hansen.

The investor relator can be contacted by telephone on 051 287737 or at the email address ir@gruppohera.it, and the “Investor Section” on the website www.gruppohera.it is dedicated to the activities of the investor relator along with the information provided to shareholders.

Dialogue with shareholders

On 1 December 2021, the Board of Directors resolved to adopt, following a proposal by the Executive Chairman in agreement with the Chief Executive Officer, a “Policy for Managing Dialogue with General Shareholders and Bondholders” (“Policy”), which is available on the website www.gruppohera.it under the “Governance/Governance System Section”.

The aforementioned Policy is aimed at ensuring that the dialogue the Company and Hera Group maintain with Shareholders and Bondholders (“Dialogue”) is inspired by the principles detailed in the Policy itself and takes place in compliance with EU and national regulations on market abuse, as well as in line with international best practices.

The Policy describes the purposes, scope of application, general principles to be complied with, topics covered by the Dialogue and the means used to facilitate the Dialogue itself; in particular, it identifies the Investor Relations Department and Central Legal and Corporate Affairs Department as the “Points of Contact” for Shareholders and Bondholders and the Chairman as the “Administrator in Charge” of managing the Dialogue, it being understood that the Board of Directors has the role of directing, supervising and monitoring the application of the Policy itself.

Specifically, the Policy enters into the specifics of (i) the topics of the Dialogue, (ii) the tools used to facilitate the Dialogue, and (iii) the manner in which the Dialogue is conducted (evaluation criteria for accepting/rejecting a Dialogue request, timing, confidentiality guarantees), ensuring that the Dialogue can also be initiated by a Shareholder's or Bondholder's written request made to the “Contact Points”.

The Company also promotes active and constructive communication with other stakeholders, including but not limited to: local communities, the public administration, customers, suppliers and employees.

In particular, the contact channels for this communication include:

• “HeraLABs”: these are local, multi-stakeholder councils (involving local communities, public administration, environmental groups and future generations, customers, suppliers and shareholders) that Hera organises in the areas in which it provides its services in order to establish a structured channel for listening to and dialoguing with local communities;

• the annual residential customer satisfaction survey and biannual survey on the Company's internal climate, involving employees;

• the annual meeting with employees;

• the website in general and specifically the “Sustainability Section” that presents all the reports of interest to the various stakeholders;

• a specific part of the company website reserved for consumer associations, where they can receive information and updates about Hera's services and communicate their comments or concerns;

• conferences, events and initiatives organised or supported by Hera.

The Director in charge shall report to the Board of Directors on a six-monthly basis, or by the first available meeting in the event of significant events:

1. regarding the development and relevant aspects of the dialogue with shareholders and bondholders;

2. regarding the most significant requests received from other stakeholders.

Specifically, as reflected in the semi-annual reports rendered by the Administrator-in-Charge to the Board of Directors during the 2022 fiscal year, dialogue took the form of the following activities:

Shareholders

Hera's Public Shareholders, in particular, requested and obtained information regarding the number of shares held and their placement, the financial statements as of 31 December 2021, how to attend the Shareholders' Meeting on 28 April 2022, the timing of dividend payments, and the half-year financial report as of 30 June 2022.

Financial Investors and Analysts

Financial Investors and Analysts participated in conference calls to present the 2021-2025 business plan, 2021 annual results, and the 2022 fiscal year interim results, subsequently requesting insights into the Group's economic and financial outlook in the current geopolitical environment, the Company's sustainable strategy, and targets on emissions reduction.

In addition, road shows were organised with Investors in the major Stock Exchanges of Europe and North America.

Other Stakeholders

HeraLABs were held in the Imola, Modena, Forlì-Cesena and Rimini areas for projects concerning the target areas, business climate survey activities with employees, meetings with Trade Associations and Consumer Associations mainly on issues related to rising energy and utility bills, as well as waste management services and district heating.

Ordinary and extraordinary shareholders' meetings are called in the circumstances and manner provided for by law; they are held at the registered office or even outside the registered office, as long as the location is in Italy.

The full text of the proposed resolutions, together with the illustrative reports and documents submitted to the Shareholders' Meeting, are made available to the public at the company's registered offices and on the Company's website www.gruppohera.it, as well as on the authorized storage site 1Info www.1Info.it within the legal deadline for each of the matters under discussion.

The shareholders entitled to participate in the Shareholders' Meeting are those entitled to vote, pursuant to the law, at the end of the accounting day coinciding with the record date and for which the Company has received the relative communication made by the authorized intermediary by the end of the third trading day preceding the date set for the Shareholders' Meeting. However, the legitimate right to participate and vote remains if these communications are received after this deadline, provided that they are received by the beginning of the meeting. Those who become owners of shares only subsequent to this deadline will not have the right to participate in and vote at the Shareholders' Meeting.

Any person entitled to attend may be represented at the Shareholders' Meeting in accordance with the law, exercising the right to use the proxy form available on the Company's website for this purpose, and the methods that interested parties can use to notify the Company of proxies are also available electronically on this site.

At each Shareholders' Meeting, the Company identifies a person to whom the holders of voting rights will be able to confer a proxy with voting instructions covering all or some of the agenda items. The proxy to the aforementioned representative must be conferred by the end of the second open market day prior to the date of the Shareholders' Meeting, in the manner specified on the Company's website and using the specific proxy form provided there.
The proxy to the designated representative has no effect with regard to proposals for which voting instructions have not been given.

Shareholders can ask questions about the items on the agenda even before the Shareholders' Meeting, in the manner indicated on the Company's website.
Shareholders who, even jointly, represent one fortieth of the share capital, can submit a request within ten days of the publication of the notice of convocation asking that items be added to the matters to be discussed, indicating in the request the additional topics proposed, or presenting proposed resolutions on the items already on the agenda. Requests must be submitted in writing in the manner indicated on the Company website.

In accordance with Article 13 of the Articles of Association, the Shareholders' Meeting is chaired by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or, in his/her absence, by a person elected by the Shareholders' Meeting itself through a majority vote by those present. The Chairman of the Shareholders' Meeting appoints a secretary, verifies that it has been constituted properly, ascertains the identity and legitimacy of those present and regulates the Shareholders' Meeting, in compliance with the meeting regulations, ascertaining the results of voting.

In accordance with Article 14 of the Articles of Association, both ordinary and extraordinary shareholders' meetings and their related resolutions are valid if made with the attendance requirements and majorities established by law.

Resolutions by the Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting concerning amendments to articles 6.4 (shares and increased voting rights), 7 (public majority shareholding), 8 (limits on share ownership), 14 (validity of Shareholders' Meetings and right of veto) and 17 (appointment of the Board of Directors) of the Articles of Association will be valid if made with a yes-vote by at least 3/4 of shareholders with voting rights participating in the Shareholders' Meeting, rounded down if necessary.

The shareholders' meeting of 29 April 2003 approved the text of the meeting regulations, the updated version of which is published under the “Section Governance/Shareholders' Meeting” on the Company website at www.gruppohera.it, which indicate the procedures to be followed in order to permit the orderly and proper functioning of meetings, without prejudice to the right of each shareholder to express his or her opinion on the matters under discussion.

During the year 2022 only one Extraordinary and Ordinary Shareholders' Meeting was held on 28 April, which was attended by 12 members of the Board of Directors and all the members of the Board of Statutory Auditors.