Hera draws water from various supply sources: surface water (streams, rivers, lakes), groundwater (mainly located in plains), and springs located in hills and mountains.
The source mix depends on natural water resources and facilities available in each area, as well as on water availability at different times of the year. Surface sources are more subject to quantitative variations over time due to a more direct correlation between precipitation and flow rates in watercourses, especially in the absence of works (i.e. reservoirs) that allow water accumulation in periods of abundant flows and their release in periods of scarcity.
Water introduced to the mains network by supply source (2020)
Aquifer
Surface water
Springs
Total
Bologna area
49.2%
45.8%
5.0%
100%
Ferrara area
41.8%
58.2%
0%
100%
Forlì-Cesena area
15.4%
78.7%
5.9%
100%
Modena area
84.5%
1.6%
13.9%
100%
Padova area
95.2%
4.8%
0%
100%
Pesaro-Urbino area
16.4%
56.9%
26.7%
100%
Ravenna area
6.4%
93.6%
0%
100%
Rimini area
46.5%
47.9%
5.6%
100%
Trieste area
82.8%
0%
17.2%
100%
Total
50.5%
41.7%
7.8%
100%
Number of withdrawal points by type of source (2020)
